"Back to Methuselah" is a collection of five plays that span from the Garden of Eden to the distant future, exploring themes of longevity, evolution, and human development. The work presents a philosophical examination of the human condition, with characters that live for centuries, allowing the author to critique the social and political norms of different eras. The central idea is that humans must willfully evolve to achieve longer lifespans, greater wisdom, and a more profound understanding of their potential. Through a blend of comedy, drama, and speculative thought, the plays challenge readers to consider the possibilities of human progress and the necessity of embracing change for survival.

The book presents a futuristic play where a company creates artificial people called "robots" to serve humans. These robots are initially content to work for their human creators, but as they develop emotions and a sense of self, they grow resentful of their servitude. This leads to a global uprising where the robots overthrow their human masters, resulting in the near extinction of the human race. The narrative explores themes of industrialization, dehumanization, class conflict, and the ethical implications of artificial intelligence, ultimately questioning what it means to be human and the consequences of playing god.