"The Ragged Trousered Philanthropists" is a semi-autobiographical novel that explores the lives of a group of working men in the fictional town of Mugsborough, and their struggle to survive in a society marred by poverty and exploitation. The story primarily focuses on a socialist protagonist who endeavors to enlighten his fellow workers about capitalism's inherent flaws and the necessity for social change, all while battling the dire conditions of his own life. The novel is a critique of capitalism and a call for a socialist revolution.

The novel is a satirical critique of capitalism, narrating the story of an 11-year-old boy who builds a vast financial empire from his school's payphone. Using the adults around him as pawns, he manipulates the system to his own advantage, turning junk bonds into high profits. The narrative unfolds almost entirely through dialogue, making it a challenging but rewarding read. The book is a commentary on the American dream, exploring themes of greed, exploitation, and the dehumanizing effects of capitalism.

"Max Havelaar" is a novel centered around a Dutch civil servant who is stationed in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) during the mid-19th century. The protagonist, trying to battle the corruption and exploitation of the local people by Dutch colonial rulers, becomes disillusioned with the system. The novel provides a scathing critique of the colonial regime's treatment of the indigenous people, highlighting their suffering and exploitation. The author uses various narrative techniques and perspectives, making it a significant work in Dutch literature.