Operation Shylock: A Confession is novelist Philip Roth's 19th book and was published in 1993. The novel follows narrator "Philip Roth" on a journey to Israel where he attends the trial of accused war criminal John Demjanjuk. At the same time, the character seeks out an impersonator who has appropriated his identity and used his celebrity to spread "Diasporism," a counter-Zionist ideology advocating the return of Israeli Jews to their countries of origin. The ensuing struggle between this doppelgänger-like stranger and "Roth", played against the backdrop of the Demjanjuk trial and the First Intifada, constitutes the book's main story.