The book is a personal memoir and historical narrative written by a 16th-century Central Asian ruler who founded the Mughal Empire in South Asia. It vividly chronicles his life, including his struggles and conquests, as well as his observations on the diverse cultures, flora, and fauna of the regions he encountered during his reign. The text is notable for its candid and introspective style, providing a rare and valuable perspective on the period's political and social dynamics, as well as the personal thoughts and emotional life of a ruling monarch.