The epic poem unfolds during the First Crusade, depicting Christian knights led by Godfrey of Bouillon as they lay siege to Jerusalem, aiming to recapture the holy city from Muslim control. The narrative weaves together themes of love, valor, and chivalry, with a cast of characters that includes the brave knight Rinaldo and the enchanting sorceress Armida. As the warriors confront various supernatural and earthly challenges, the poem explores the conflict between Christian duty and personal passion, ultimately celebrating the virtues of heroism and piety in the quest for divine providence and the triumph of Christian faith.

This epic poem, one of the longest in American literature, explores the profound complexities of faith and doubt through the spiritual journey of its titular character, a young American student of divinity. Set against the backdrop of a pilgrimage in the Holy Land, the narrative delves into the interactions and philosophical dialogues between a diverse cast of characters, each representing different facets of religious and existential thought. The protagonist's quest for meaning is fraught with intellectual and emotional turmoil, reflecting the author's own meditations on belief, morality, and the human condition in the post-Civil War era.