The novel tells the story of Eugene Gant, a brilliant and restless young man whose passion for a greater intellectual life shapes his adolescent years in rural North Carolina. Eugene's story is a deeply personal reflection of the author's own life, filled with vivid, poetic descriptions of the North Carolina landscape. The narrative explores themes of family, ambition, and the desire for a life beyond the confines of a small town.

The novel is a coming-of-age story about a young girl named Ellen Foster who, after her mother's suicide and father's subsequent neglect and abuse, is shuffled between family members and foster homes. Despite the hardships she faces, including poverty and racism in the South, Ellen's remarkable resilience and determination help her to overcome her circumstances. Ultimately, she finds a loving home with a foster mother and begins to heal from her traumatic past.

The novel is a semi-autobiographical work that follows the story of a young writer, Eugene Gant, as he explores his artistic ambitions and philosophical ideas while struggling with his Southern heritage. In his quest for self-discovery, Eugene travels from his home in North Carolina to Harvard University and then to New York City, before embarking on a voyage to Europe. The narrative is a poignant exploration of youth, time, and the relentless flow of life, highlighting the protagonist's internal and external struggles as he grapples with love, loss, and the relentless passage of time.

The novel centers around the life of a woman named Kate Vaiden, who at the age of 11, loses her parents in a murder-suicide. Kate is then raised by her aunt and uncle in North Carolina. At the age of 17, she becomes pregnant and, after giving birth, abandons her son, choosing to live a life of solitude. The story is told by Kate at the age of 57, as she reflects on her life and the decisions she's made, while also contemplating the possibility of reuniting with her abandoned son.