This novel is set against the backdrop of the anti-Catholic Gordon Riots of 1780. It intertwines the personal tragedies and triumphs of its characters with the historical events of the time, exploring themes of mob violence, justice, and redemption. The story follows the simple-minded Barnaby Rudge, his mother, and their involvement with the riots, alongside a rich cast of characters including the villainous Sir John Chester, the steadfast Gabriel Varden, and the mysterious stranger Joe Willet. Through their interconnected lives, the narrative delves into the chaos that engulfs London, examining the impact of collective hysteria on individuals and society.