Donald A. Schön
Donald Alan Schön was an influential American philosopher and professor known for his work in the fields of organizational learning and reflective practice. He contributed significantly to the understanding of how professionals think in action and the role of reflection in learning and professional development.
Books
This list of books are ONLY the books that have been ranked on the lists that are aggregated on this site. This is not a comprehensive list of all books by this author.
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1. The Reflective Practitioner
How Professionals Think in Action
This insightful work delves into the concept of reflective practice, emphasizing the importance of professionals engaging in a continuous learning process through reflection-in-action. It challenges traditional notions of technical rationality, proposing that real-world problem-solving often requires a more nuanced, context-sensitive approach. By examining how practitioners think on their feet and adapt to complex, unpredictable situations, the book highlights the value of experiential learning and the development of tacit knowledge, ultimately advocating for a more dynamic and responsive approach to professional practice.
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2. Educating The Reflective Practitioner
Toward a New Design for Teaching and Learning in the Professions
This work argues that professional education must move beyond technical rationality to cultivate reflection-in-action, enabling practitioners to frame and reframe messy, ambiguous problems as they work. Drawing on examples from fields such as design, management, and engineering, it advocates studio- and practicum-based learning where students learn by doing, experiment, and engage in a reflective conversation with the situation under the guidance of skilled coaches. It outlines methods like demonstration, feedback, and critique to develop professional artistry, and calls for curricula that emphasize problem framing, improvisation, and learning from surprises in real contexts.
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