This list of books are ONLY the books that have been ranked on the lists that are aggregated on this site. This is not a comprehensive list of all books by this author.

1. 1. Medieval Popular Culture

   Problems of Belief and Perception

   

   A wide-ranging study of medieval European ordinary life that recovers the beliefs, rituals, festivals, folk performances and communal forms of expression that shaped popular mentalities; the book contrasts official clerical and elite culture with the rhythms, humor and symbolic oppositions of peasant and urban communities, showing how carnival, seasonally ordered rites, street theatre, songs and popular justice expressed a distinct logic of inversion, parody and collective identity. Combining literary, anthropological and historical evidence, it traces continuities and transformations in everyday practices and mentalities across the later Middle Ages, arguing that popular culture operated by its own integrative rules and meanings rather than as a mere residue or distortion of elite norms.