Rosa Luxemburg
Polish-German Marxist theorist, philosopher, economist and revolutionary socialist; prominent anti-war activist and co-founder of the Spartacus League, murdered during the German Revolution of 1918–1919.
Books
This list of books are ONLY the books that have been ranked on the lists that are aggregated on this site. This is not a comprehensive list of all books by this author.
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1. Socialism Or Barbarism? The Selected Writings
The Selected Writings
A passionate collection of essays and speeches arguing that entrenched capitalist exploitation, imperialist war, and reformist accommodation lead societies toward barbarism unless opposed by democratic, internationalist mass struggle; the writings criticize parliamentary complacency and emphasize the independent, spontaneous action of workers — including the mass strike — as the engine of revolutionary change, while defending civil liberties, socialist democracy, and revolutionary theory against opportunism and nationalist militarism.
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2. Leninism Or Marxism? Organizational Questions Of The Russian Social Democracy
Organizational Questions Of The Russian Social Democracy
A forceful critique of the emerging vanguard model that argues socialist politics must be built as a democratic, mass-based movement rooted in workers’ spontaneous struggles rather than as a small, professionalized elite; it warns that rigid centralism and suppression of internal debate breed bureaucratic detachment from the proletariat and undermine revolutionary initiative, and it defends freedom of discussion, close links to trade-union and workplace struggles, and the autonomy of working-class self-activity as essential to genuine Marxist strategy.
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3. Letters From Prison To Sophie Liebknecht
A collection of intimate prison letters that blend personal affection, political conviction and sharp intellectual observation, written to a close comrade and confidante during periods of incarceration; they record daily hardships and small comforts, reflect on the broader struggle for social justice and the prescriptions for political action, reveal tenderness and concern for friends and loved ones, and convey undimmed moral courage and hope despite repression, giving a vivid portrait of inner life and steadfast commitment to revolutionary ideals.
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4. National Question
An incisive Marxist critique arguing that national self-determination cannot substitute for proletarian class struggle and that the pursuit of national independence, when led by bourgeois forces, risks dividing the working class and diverting it from socialist aims. While condemning national oppression and supporting cultural and political rights for oppressed peoples, the work insists that genuine emancipation requires international working-class solidarity and socialist transformation rather than the creation of new nation-states. It challenges contemporary nationalisms and autonomy schemes as inadequate remedies for economic exploitation, urging socialists to prioritize class unity and revolutionary change.
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5. Rosa Luxemburg Speaks
A powerful collection of speeches and essays that argues for revolutionary socialism through rigorous analysis and impassioned rhetoric, exposing the contradictions of capitalism and imperialism and criticizing reformist and pro-war currents within the labor movement; it defends the mass strike, workers’ self-emancipation, grassroots democracy, and international solidarity as the means to achieve radical social transformation, blending theoretical clarity with urgent calls to action against militarism, economic exploitation, and authoritarian tendencies.
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7. What Is Economics?
A concise Marxist critique that presents economics as the study of how societies produce, distribute and appropriate wealth within specific social relations, emphasizing the capitalist mode of production, the exploitation of wage labor, surplus value and recurrent crises of accumulation. It argues that mainstream (bourgeois) economics obscures class conflict and serves to justify inequality, and insists that real economic understanding must examine historical and social conditions, class struggle, and the imperialist expansion driven by capital’s need to realize surplus. The account blends theoretical exposition with polemical critique to show that economic laws are rooted in social relations rather than abstract, isolated individuals.
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8. The Crisis Of German Social Democracy
A forceful polemic against revisionist and reformist tendencies within German social democracy, arguing that parliamentary tactics and gradual reforms betray socialist principles and undermine the working class’s revolutionary potential. It defends class struggle, mass action (including strikes), party discipline and an uncompromising program as necessary to overthrow capitalism and warns that reliance on bourgeois institutions leads to capitulation and nationalist opportunism. The essay stresses internationalism, proletarian self‑activity, and the moral-political urgency of maintaining a clear socialist aim rather than settling for mere administrative improvements.
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9. The Accumulation Of Capital
A Contribution to an Economic Explanation of Imperialism
A Marxist critique of capitalist accumulation arguing that capitalism cannot indefinitely realize surplus value within purely capitalist relations and therefore depends on non‑capitalist markets, colonization, and militarized expansion to absorb commodities, investments, and surplus—processes that generate recurring crises, dispossession, and imperialism; the analysis revises reproduction theory, interrogates primitive accumulation, and emphasizes how finance, credit and the search for external outlets drive capitalism’s global expansion and social polarisation.
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