4151. Bernardo Carvalho

Brazilian novelist and journalist, author of several novels.

4152. Jean Echenoz

French novelist born in 1947, known for concise, witty and formally inventive prose. Author of novels including Je m'en vais (I'm Gone) and Ravel. Recipient of major French literary prizes (including the Prix Goncourt in 1999).

4153. Giovanna Bartucci

4154. Manoel de Barros

Brazilian poet celebrated for his inventive, playful language and attention to nature, rural life, and the small things of existence; considered one of Brazil's most important contemporary poets.

4155. Julian Barnes

English novelist, essayist and short-story writer best known for works such as Flaubert's Parrot (1984) and The Sense of an Ending (2011), which won the Booker Prize; themes often include memory, history and love.

4156. Nikolai Gogol

Russian-language novelist, short story writer and playwright of Ukrainian origin, major 19th-century literary figure known for works such as Dead Souls, The Overcoat and The Government Inspector.

4157. Carlos Drummond de Andrade

Brazilian poet and writer (1902–1987), a leading figure of 20th-century Brazilian modernist poetry. Born in Itabira, Minas Gerais, he published landmark collections including Alguma Poesia (1930) and A Rosa do Povo (1945) and worked as a civil servant, journalist and translator.

4158. Henry Kissinger

American diplomat, political scientist, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate; U.S. National Security Advisor and Secretary of State under Presidents Nixon and Ford, influential in 20th-century foreign policy (détente with the USSR, opening to China) and a controversial figure for his realpolitik and role in conflicts such as Vietnam and interventions in Latin America.

4159. Castro Alves

Brazilian Romantic poet and abolitionist, noted for powerful anti-slavery works such as "O Navio Negreiro" and the collection Espumas Flutuantes; a leading 19th-century literary figure often called the "poet of the slaves".

4160. Leyla Perrone-Moisés

Brazilian literary critic, translator and academic known for work on Latin American literature.

4161. Zuenir Ventura

Brazilian journalist, author and columnist known for reportage and books about Rio de Janeiro and contemporary Brazilian society.

4162. Laurent Binet

French novelist and essayist, born in 1972, best known for his award-winning debut novel HHhH (2010) and later works including La septième fonction du langage (The 7th Function of Language, 2015) and Civilizations (2019).

4163. Lucrecia Zappi

4164. R. Gordon Wasson

American banker, ethnomycologist and author who helped introduce Western audiences to psychedelic and ritual uses of mushrooms (notably Mazatec psilocybin use and studies of soma/Amanita muscaria), best known for the 1957 Life article "Seeking the Magic Mushroom."

4165. Costas Taktsis

Greek novelist and short-story writer, best known for the novel "The Third Wedding" (Το τρίτο στεφάνι), noted for his portrayals of urban life and social issues in postwar Greece.

4166. Susan Buck-Morss

American philosopher and critical theorist specializing in political theory, intellectual history, and cultural theory; known for work on Hegel, Walter Benjamin, modernity, and visual culture; professor and scholar associated with CUNY Graduate Center.

4167. Sidarta Ribeiro

Brazilian neuroscientist and science writer known for research on sleep, dreaming, memory and the role of sleep in cognition; professor at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte and director of the Brain Institute (Instituto do Cérebro); author of the popular science book 'O Oráculo da Noite'.

4168. Peter Godfrey-Smith

Australian philosopher of science known for work on philosophy of biology and philosophy of mind; author of Other Minds, Darwinian Populations and Natural Selection, and Theory and Reality.

4169. Dennis Lehane

American author of crime, mystery and noir fiction; best known for the Kenzie & Gennaro series and standalone novels such as Mystic River, Gone Baby Gone and Shutter Island, several of which have been adapted for film. He has also worked on screenplays and television writing.

4170. Ian McEwan

English novelist, short story writer and screenwriter, born 1948. Author of novels including The Cement Garden, Enduring Love, Amsterdam (Winner of the 1998 Booker Prize), Atonement (adapted for film), Saturday and On Chesil Beach; noted for psychological realism and explorations of moral and ethical dilemmas.

4171. Arthur Schnitzler

Austrian novelist, playwright and short-story writer (1862–1931), associated with Vienna fin-de-siècle and psychological realism; trained as a physician. Notable works include Traumnovelle (Dream Story) and the play Reigen (La Ronde).

4172. Francine Prose

American novelist, short story writer, essayist, critic, and teacher; author of novels including Blue Angel and Household Saints and of the craft book Reading Like a Writer; has served in leadership roles at PEN American Center.

4173. Élisabeth Roudinesco

French historian and psychoanalyst, known for her scholarly work on the history of psychoanalysis and biographies of figures such as Jacques Lacan.

4174. Michel Houellebecq

French novelist, poet and essayist (born Michel Thomas in 1956), known for provocative, darkly comic works about social alienation and sexuality. Notable novels include Les Particules élémentaires (Atomised, 1998) and La Carte et le Territoire (The Map and the Territory, 2010), which won the Prix Goncourt.

4175. Abdulrazak Gurnah

Tanzanian-born British novelist, short‑story writer and academic (born 1948), known for novels about colonialism, exile and displacement; awarded the 2021 Nobel Prize in Literature.

4176. Aristophanes

Athenian playwright of Old Comedy in classical Athens, known for satirical and political plays such as The Clouds, Lysistrata, The Frogs, and The Wasps; often called the 'Father of Comedy.'

4177. Ismail Kadare

Albanian novelist, poet and essayist known for novels and short fiction that explore Albanian history, myth, and the experience of life under communism; internationally translated and widely acclaimed.

4178. Eric J. Hobsbawm

British Marxist historian and author known for influential works on 19th- and 20th-century history, including The Age of Revolution, The Age of Capital, The Age of Empire, and The Age of Extremes.

4179. Bruna Beber

Brazilian poet, translator and editor known for contemporary poetry and multiple published collections.

4180. Steve Brusatte

American paleontologist, evolutionary paleobiologist, and author; professor at the University of Edinburgh known for research on dinosaur evolution and popular-science books such as The Rise and Fall of the Dinosaurs.

4181. Anne Applebaum

American journalist and historian specializing in Central and Eastern Europe and authoritarianism; author of Gulag: A History (Pulitzer Prize, 2004), Iron Curtain, and Twilight of Democracy.

4182. Frédéric Bluche

4183. Marcos Nobre

4184. Nancy Fraser

American critical theorist and feminist philosopher known for work on social justice, recognition and redistribution; professor at The New School for Social Research and author of influential books such as Justice Interruptus.

4185. Wendy Brown

American political theorist and professor at the University of California, Berkeley, known for work on neoliberalism, democracy, sovereignty and the critique of modern political thought; author of books including Undoing the Demos and Walled States, Waning Sovereignty.

4186. Odorico Leal

4187. Eliot Wilder

4188. Jon Kabat-Zinn

American professor emeritus of medicine, founder of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program, and author of books including 'Full Catastrophe Living' and 'Wherever You Go, There You Are'. He helped introduce mindfulness into mainstream medical practice and holds a Ph.D. in molecular biology from MIT.

4189. Fernando A. Novais

Brazilian historian

4190. José Murilo de Carvalho

Brazilian historian and political scientist known for his scholarship on Brazilian political history, republicanism, and democracy; long-serving university professor and member of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.

4191. Lilia Moritz Schwarcz

Brazilian historian and anthropologist known for work on 19th-century Brazil, slavery, race, national identity and visual culture; professor and public intellectual.

4192. Annie Jacobsen

American investigative journalist and author known for books on national security, military, and intelligence topics, including Area 51 and The Pentagon's Brain.

4193. Christian Dunker

Brazilian psychoanalyst, clinical psychologist and university professor, associated with the University of São Paulo. Known for his writings and teaching on psychoanalysis, clinical practice and cultural critique.

4194. Caetano W. Galindo

4195. Édouard Louis

French novelist and essayist (born Eddy Bellegueule in 1992), known for autobiographical and polemical works about class, poverty, homophobia and violence. Notable books include En finir avec Eddy Bellegueule (The End of Eddy), Histoire de la violence (History of Violence), and Qui a tué mon père (Who Killed My Father).

4196. Vladimir Safatle

Brazilian philosopher, psychoanalyst and professor at the University of São Paulo (USP), known for work on contemporary continental philosophy, Marxism, psychoanalysis and for his role as a public intellectual.

4197. Nicolau Sevcenko

Brazilian cultural historian, literary scholar and university professor (University of São Paulo), known for work on 19th–20th century Brazilian culture, urban modernity and the history of ideas.

4198. Machado de Assis

Leading Brazilian writer of the 19th century — novelist, short-story writer, poet and literary critic. Founder and first president of the Brazilian Academy of Letters, best known for novels such as Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas and Dom Casmurro, noted for psychological insight, irony and realist style.

4199. Antônio Bispo dos Santos

4200. Heloisa Murgel Starling

Brazilian historian and academic, known for work on Brazilian political and intellectual history; author and university professor.