The Son Of God by Martin Hengel

The Origin of Christology and the History of Jewish-Hellenistic Religion

A concise study tracing the origins and meanings of the title “Son of God” within Jewish Scripture, Second Temple traditions, and Greco-Roman ruler cults and divine-man concepts. It argues that a high Christology developed very early, weaving together messianic, Wisdom, and Kyrios motifs to articulate a unique filial relationship with God and exalted status. By situating the confession in its ancient cultural and religious contexts—kingship ideology, angelic intermediaries, and the imperial cult—it clarifies how the earliest believers understood and proclaimed this title.

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