Primitivism And Related Ideas In Antiquity by Arthur Lovejoy

A concise intellectual history of how Greek and Roman thinkers imagined a simpler, better life in nature, tracing myths of a Golden Age and Arcadia alongside philosophical critiques of luxury and artifice. It distinguishes varieties of primitivism—chronological versus cultural, and soft versus hard—through readings from poets, historians, and philosophers, and shows how these ideas informed ancient ethics, politics, and aesthetics while shaping later Western thought.