Coercion, Capital, And European States, A.D. 990 1992 by Charles Tilly

AD 990-1992

Spanning the medieval era to the late twentieth century, this study argues that the interplay of coercion (war-making) and capital (commerce and finance) drove Europe’s varied paths of state formation. It shows how rulers’ efforts to wage war spurred extraction, administration, and bargaining with capitalists, yielding city-states, composite monarchies, and eventually centralized national states. Comparing regions, it explains how capital-rich zones favored negotiated, commercial governance while coercion-heavy frontiers built militarized regimes, culminating in fiscal-military institutions and modern nation-states.

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