The Early History Of God by Mark Allen Smith

Yahweh and the Other Deities in Ancient Israel

Drawing on archaeology, epigraphy, and comparative texts from the Levant, this study traces how early Israelite religion emerged from a Canaanite milieu, with worship of Yahweh initially coexisting with deities such as El, Baal, and Asherah before their traits, titles, and cultic symbols were appropriated and consolidated under one god. It explores the tensions between household and local cults and official ideology, showing how prophetic and reform movements reinterpreted and eventually suppressed older polytheistic elements, laying the groundwork for biblical monotheism.