Why We Get Sick by Randolph M. Nesse

The New Science of Darwinian Medicine

An introduction to evolutionary medicine, it argues that many vulnerabilities to disease result from natural selection optimizing reproductive success rather than health or longevity. It reframes symptoms like fever, pain, and nausea as protective defenses, highlights trade-offs and constraints in our biology, and explains how mismatches between modern environments and ancestral conditions increase risk. By examining pathogen evolution and host–pathogen arms races, it offers practical insights for prevention and treatment that complement traditional biomedical approaches.