Revolutionary Russia, 1891 1991 by Orlando Figes

A History

A concise synthesis arguing that revolution in Russia was not a single event but a century-long process, it follows the trajectory from the 1891 famine and late-imperial crisis through the 1905 and 1917 upheavals, civil war, Leninist and Stalinist state-building, terror and collectivization, the Second World War, postwar reconstruction and thaw, and late-Soviet stagnation to perestroika and collapse in 1991, showing how ideology, violence, and bureaucratic control reshaped society while ultimately sowing the seeds of the system’s demise.

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