The Evolution Of The Gilgamesh Epic by Jeffrey H. Tigay

A careful philological and literary study that traces how the Gilgamesh tradition grew from disparate Sumerian poems into the coherent Akkadian epic known from later Babylonian manuscripts, analyzing variant texts, redactional layers, and historical contexts to show how themes of friendship, mortality, kingship, and the flood narrative were shaped and reshaped over time; the work reconstructs compositional stages, compares Old Babylonian and Standard Babylonian versions, and explains what the epic’s evolution reveals about ancient Mesopotamian religion, society, and literary practice.