This book traces how Europe’s networks for energy, transport and communications were built, reshaped and connected from the 19th century to the present, arguing that their evolution was driven not only by technology and markets but also by war, politics and environmental constraints. Through comparative case studies of railways, electricity grids, gas pipelines and telecommunication systems it shows how institutional choices, corporate interests and geopolitical rivalries created path dependencies and uneven integration across the continent. The narrative highlights moments of rupture—conflict, crisis and ecological pressure—that forced redesigns of infrastructure and governance, and it examines the continuing tensions between national control, transnational cooperation and the imperatives of sustainability.