Cotton, Climate, And Camels In Early Islamic Iran by Richard W. Bulliet

This study examines how the spread of cotton cultivation, shifting climatic conditions, and the widespread use of camels interacted to reshape agriculture, transport, markets, and settlement patterns in early Islamic Iran. Drawing on textual, archaeological, and environmental evidence, it traces the expansion of irrigation and cash-crop production, shows how climate variability and water management constrained and redirected agricultural practice, and highlights camels’ role in connecting producers to distant markets and military centers. The book argues that technological choices, ecological limits, and social institutions together produced distinctive economic and demographic outcomes in the region.

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