History Of International Relations by Erik Ringmar

A revisionist survey that challenges Eurocentric accounts of global politics by tracing how diplomatic practices, trade networks, empires, and legal traditions across Asia, Africa, the Islamic world, Europe, and the Americas interacted to produce competing orders and understandings of sovereignty and legitimacy; through comparative case studies it shows the contingent, multipolar processes—rather than a single, inevitable European path—that forged the institutions and norms of the modern international system, urging a more plural and historically grounded view of international relations.

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