El Carlismo by Jordi Canal

A concise, critical history that traces the emergence and evolution of Carlism from its nineteenth-century legitimist and traditionalist roots through the Carlist Wars to its complex twentieth-century transformations, examining its social bases, regional strongholds, Catholic traditionalism, internal factions and ideological shifts, its uneasy relationship with the Franco regime, and the ways the movement has been remembered and interpreted by historians and political actors.