Whiteness Of A Different Color by Matthew Frye Jacobson

European Immigrants and the Alchemy of Race

This book traces how ideas of race and national identity in the United States were remade between the late nineteenth and mid-twentieth centuries as successive waves of European immigrants—Irish, Italians, Jews, and others—were variously defined, contested, and eventually assimilated into a shifting category of “whiteness.” Combining legal, scientific, political, and cultural history, it shows how immigration policy, census classifications, eugenics, print culture, and public debate transformed social hierarchies and boundaries of inclusion, revealing whiteness as a historically contingent and politically produced status rather than a fixed biological fact.

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