Império by Niall Ferguson

How Britain Made the Modern World

A revisionist history arguing that British imperial rule, despite episodes of brutality and exploitation, played a decisive role in creating the global trade networks, institutions and technologies that underpinned the modern world; using economic data, case studies and biographies, the book contends that empire spread elements of liberal governance—rule of law, bureaucratic administration and market practices—bringing infrastructure, growth and integration while also producing violence, inequality and cultural domination, and it concludes that the empire’s legacy is complex and deeply influential in shaping contemporary geopolitics and economics.