The Vanity Of Human Wishes by Samuel Johnson

An Imitation of Juvenal's Tenth Satire

A philosophic and satiric meditation arguing that most human ambitions—wealth, fame, power, youth, or learning—end in frustration and sorrow; by tracing the rise and fall of historical and emblematic figures it shows how fortune, error, and vice turn aspired goods into sources of misery. The poem warns that reason and religious humility, rather than worldly striving, offer the only durable consolation, urging readers to temper desire, accept human limitations, and seek a steadier moral course.

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