Self Ownership, Freedom, And Equality by Jerome A. Cohen

The book offers a rigorous philosophical critique of the idea that absolute self-ownership can serve as the sole foundation for a just social order, arguing that unfettered claims to one’s body and the fruits of one’s labor fail to justify wide economic inequalities and ignore the morally arbitrary distribution of natural talents and starting positions. It distinguishes the moral force of personal autonomy from claims to unlimited control over external resources, challenges libertarian entitlement theories and market outcomes that produce deep inequality, and defends a robust egalitarian alternative that preserves individual liberty while imposing constraints on how social and economic goods are distributed. Through careful argument and thought experiments, it explores the relationship between freedom and equality and develops a case that meaningful freedom requires institutions that mitigate arbitrary advantages and promote fair opportunity.