The Economic Problem Of Masochism by Sigmund Freud

A psychoanalytic examination of masochism that treats it as a problem of psychic economy: how libidinal and aggressive energies become invested in the experience of suffering rather than straightforward pleasure. The work traces masochism to a turning-back of aggressive impulses (closely related to sadism) and to a death-directed tendency, explains the emergence of sexual and moral forms of self-punishment and identification with the aggressor, and argues that only by following the diversion and redistribution of psychic energy can one understand why pain is experienced as gratifying.