The Greatest Non-Western "Folklore" Books of All Time

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This list showcases a comprehensive and trusted collection of the greatest books from Non-Western literature. Curated through a specialized algorithm, it amalgamates 300 'best of' book lists to present a definitive guide to essential literary works from Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Latin America, and beyond. This selection celebrates the diverse and vibrant literary traditions of the world, offering readers a window into a myriad of fascinating narratives and perspectives. For more information on how these books are selected, please visit the rankings page.

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Folklore

Folklore is a category of books that encompasses traditional stories, beliefs, and customs of a particular culture or community. These stories are often passed down through generations and are deeply rooted in the history and traditions of the people. Folklore books may include myths, legends, fables, fairy tales, and other forms of storytelling that reflect the values, beliefs, and experiences of a particular group of people. They offer a glimpse into the cultural heritage of a community and provide insight into their way of life, beliefs, and customs.

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  1. 1. Epic of Gilgamesh by Unknown

    This ancient Mesopotamian epic follows the story of Gilgamesh, a demigod king who rules over the city of Uruk. Unhappy with his reign, the gods create a wild man named Enkidu to challenge him. However, Gilgamesh and Enkidu become close friends and embark on several adventures together, including defeating the demon Humbaba and killing the Bull of Heaven. After Enkidu's death, Gilgamesh becomes obsessed with finding immortality, leading him on a journey to meet Utnapishtim, the only human who has been granted eternal life. The narrative explores themes of friendship, mortality, and the meaning of life.

  2. 2. Mahabharata by Vyasa

    The book is an English translation of the ancient Indian epic, originally written in Sanskrit, which tells the story of a great war that took place between two groups of cousins, the Kauravas and the Pandavas. The narrative explores themes of duty, righteousness, and honor while also featuring a rich array of gods, goddesses, and supernatural beings. It is not only a tale of war and conflict, but also a profound philosophical and spiritual treatise, containing the Bhagavad Gita, a sacred text of Hindu philosophy.

  3. 3. Beowulf by Unknown

    "Beowulf" is an Old English epic poem that tells the story of the eponymous hero, a Geatish warrior who comes to the aid of Hrothgar, the king of the Danes, whose mead hall is under attack by a monster known as Grendel. Beowulf fights and defeats Grendel and his mother, earning the gratitude and friendship of Hrothgar. Later in his life, Beowulf becomes king of the Geats and faces his final battle with a deadly dragon. The poem explores themes of heroism, fate, and mortality, and is considered one of the most important works of Old English literature.

  4. 4. Journey to the West by Wu Cheng'en

    "Journey to the West" is a classic Chinese novel that follows the adventures of a Buddhist monk and his three disciples, a monkey, a pig, and a river monster, as they travel from China to India in search of sacred Buddhist scriptures. Along the way, they face a series of challenges and obstacles, including battling demons and overcoming their own personal weaknesses. This epic tale is a blend of mythology, folklore, and fantasy, and is also a commentary on the practice and principles of Buddhism.

  5. 5. Ramayana by Valmiki

    The book is an ancient Indian epic poem which follows the journey of Prince Rama as he embarks on a quest to rescue his beloved wife Sita from the clutches of Ravana, the demon king. The narrative explores themes of morality, dharma (duty/righteousness), and the struggle between good and evil. The story is not just about Rama's battle against Ravana, but also his spiritual journey and the importance of upholding one's duties and responsibilities.

  6. 6. Mythology by Edith Hamilton

    This book is a comprehensive guide to ancient Greek, Roman, and Norse mythologies, providing detailed accounts of various gods, goddesses, heroes, and other mythological creatures. It includes well-known stories like the Odyssey and the Iliad, along with lesser-known tales, and analyzes their significance in the cultures they originated from. The book also delves into the origins of these myths and their influence on later civilizations, offering readers a deep understanding of ancient cultures and their belief systems.

  7. 7. The Water Margin: Outlaws of the Marsh by Shi Naian

    "The Water Margin: Outlaws of the Marsh" is a classic Chinese novel set during the Song dynasty, revolving around 108 outlaws who gather at Mount Liang to form a sizable army. The narrative explores themes of rebellion, loyalty, and justice, as these bandits challenge the corrupt and oppressive government. Despite their status as outlaws, they follow a strict code of honor and righteousness, often assisting the poor and the weak. The book is a blend of history, folklore, and mythology, offering a vivid portrayal of the political and social dynamics of the era.

  8. 8. The Palm Wine Drinkard And His Dead Palm Wine Tapster In The Dead's Town by Amos Tutuola

    This novel follows the surreal and fantastical journey of an African man with an insatiable thirst for palm wine, who, after the death of his skilled tapster, embarks on a quest to the land of the dead in hopes of bringing him back to the world of the living. Along the way, he encounters a myriad of bizarre and supernatural obstacles, including ghosts, witches, and other mythical creatures, each presenting their own challenges and moral lessons. The narrative, rich with the oral tradition of Nigerian folklore and written in a distinctive pidgin English, weaves a tale that explores themes of desire, loss, and the intersection of the living and the spiritual realms.

  9. 9. Martín Fierro by José Hernández

    "Martín Fierro" is an epic poem that tells the story of a gaucho, or Argentine cowboy, who is forcibly recruited to fight against indigenous tribes. He returns to find his home destroyed and his family gone, leading him to become an outlaw. The narrative explores themes of Argentine identity, the conflict between civilization and nature, and the injustices suffered by the gauchos. It is recognized as a foundational work of Argentine literature.

  10. 10. The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter by Unknown

    "The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter" is a classic piece of Japanese literature that follows the story of a bamboo cutter who finds a tiny girl inside a glowing bamboo stalk. The girl grows into a beautiful and desirable woman, attracting numerous suitors including the emperor. However, she reveals that she is not from Earth, but from the moon and is eventually taken back, leaving the bamboo cutter and her suitors heartbroken. The tale is a poignant exploration of love, loss, and the transient nature of beauty.

  11. 11. The Book of Songs by China

    "The Book of Songs" is a collection of ancient Chinese poetry, providing a rich cultural and historical insight into early Chinese society. The anthology includes various types of poems, such as folk songs, hymns, and courtly songs, reflecting the life, customs, and beliefs of different social classes. It serves as a significant literary work and historical document, revealing the evolution of the Chinese language, thoughts, and values over centuries.

  12. 12. Popol Vuh: The Mayan Book of the Dawn of Life by Dennis Tedlock

    This book provides a comprehensive English translation of the Popol Vuh, the ancient Mayan creation myth. The narrative covers the genesis of the world, the adventures of the Hero Twins, the creation of humans, and the establishment of the Mayan civilization. The book also includes extensive commentary and notes, providing readers with a deeper understanding of the cultural and historical context of the Mayan myth.

  13. 13. Images And Symbols by Mircea Eliade

    The book is a profound exploration of the symbolism inherent in religious images, myths, and rituals. It delves into the various ways in which symbols function within different cultures, examining their role in expressing the metaphysical dimension of reality. The author argues that symbols are integral to human experience, allowing individuals to transcend the ordinary world and connect with a deeper, universal level of consciousness. Through an analysis of diverse religious traditions and artistic expressions, the work reveals how symbols serve as a bridge between the sacred and the profane, offering insights into the human quest for meaning and the spiritual dimension of life.

  14. 14. Патиланско царство by Ран Босилек

    The book is a charming collection of children's poems that delve into the whimsical world of mischievous creatures known as "Patilanci," who live in a fantastical kingdom. Through playful and imaginative verse, the poems explore the various antics and adventures of these playful beings, capturing the innocence and wonder of childhood. The work is a staple in its country of origin, beloved for its linguistic creativity and its ability to capture the hearts of young readers with its endearing characters and their delightful realm.

  15. 15. The Tootinameh; Or, Tales of a Parrot by India, Iran

    "The Tootinameh; Or, Tales of a Parrot" is a collection of traditional stories from India and Iran, told from the perspective of a parrot. The parrot tells tales to a young woman to keep her from straying while her husband is away, weaving narratives of love, honor, and morality. The book is a rich tapestry of cultural and historical insights, showcasing the storytelling traditions of India and Iran.

  16. 16. Tales of Amadou Koumba by Birago Diop

    "Tales of Amadou Koumba" is a collection of traditional Senegalese folktales that delve into the rich oral heritage of West Africa. Narrated by the griot Amadou Koumba, these stories explore themes of human nature, societal norms, and the supernatural, weaving a vibrant tapestry of culture and wisdom. The tales are characterized by their moral lessons, intricate relationships between humans and the spiritual world, and the timeless struggle between tradition and modernity. Through captivating storytelling, the book preserves and celebrates the profound wisdom and cultural depth of Senegalese lore, offering insights into the values and beliefs of the society.

  17. 17. Forest of A Thousand Daemons by Daniel O. Fagunwa

    "Forest of A Thousand Daemons" is a captivating exploration of Yoruba folklore and mythology, narrated through the adventures of Akara-ogun, the son of a renowned hunter. As he ventures into a mystical forest filled with supernatural creatures and deities, the protagonist encounters a myriad of fantastical beings and faces numerous challenges. The novel, rich in proverbs and poetic language, delves into themes of bravery, wisdom, and the supernatural, providing a vivid portrayal of traditional Nigerian culture and its storytelling traditions. This seminal work is celebrated for its pioneering use of indigenous African life and lore in a written narrative form.

  18. 18. Indaba, My Children by Vusamazulu Credo Mutwa

    "Indaba, My Children" is a captivating and enlightening collection of African folklore, myths, and legends, passed down through generations. Through vivid storytelling, the book explores the rich cultural heritage of Africa, delving into topics such as creation stories, ancestral spirits, and the power of dreams. With a blend of wisdom, spirituality, and historical insights, the author invites readers to embark on a journey of discovery, offering a deeper understanding of African traditions and the interconnectedness of all living beings.

  19. 19. My Life In The Bush Of Ghosts by Amos Tutuola

    The book is a phantasmagorical narrative that follows the harrowing journey of a young boy who, while fleeing from slave traders, becomes lost in a supernatural realm known as the Bush of Ghosts. This mystical forest is inhabited by a myriad of spirits and creatures drawn from Yoruba folklore. As the boy navigates through this eerie landscape, he encounters a series of ghostly domains, each ruled by its own peculiar entities. Throughout his surreal odyssey, which spans several years, he is subjected to bizarre and often terrifying experiences, all the while yearning for a return to his human family and the normal world. The story is a blend of traditional African folklore, myth, and the author's own rich imagination, offering a vivid exploration of the themes of survival, bravery, and the clash between the natural and supernatural worlds.

  20. 20. Kincskereső Kisködmön by Ferenc Móra

    "Kincskereső Kisködmön" is a classic Hungarian children's tale that follows the adventures of a young, clever boy from a poor family who sets out on a quest to find a hidden treasure. Along his journey, he encounters various characters and obstacles, using his wit and resourcefulness to solve riddles and overcome challenges. The story is a celebration of ingenuity and perseverance, as the protagonist demonstrates that with courage and cleverness, even someone from humble beginnings can achieve great things. The book is not only a treasure hunt but also a moral tale that imparts valuable lessons to its young readers.

  21. 21. Tales from the Kathasaritsagara by Somadeva

    "Tales from the Kathasaritsagara" is a collection of ancient Indian stories written in Sanskrit. The book is a compilation of legends, folktales, and myths, including tales of gods, goddesses, kings, queens, and commoners, as well as animals and supernatural beings. The stories are filled with wit, humor, wisdom, and moral lessons, offering a fascinating insight into the rich cultural and literary heritage of ancient India.

  22. 22. Stories From A Shona Childhood by Charles Mungoshi

    "Stories From A Shona Childhood" is a captivating memoir that delves into the author's experiences growing up in a rural village in Zimbabwe. Through a collection of poignant and vividly recounted anecdotes, the book offers a glimpse into the customs, traditions, and challenges faced by the Shona people. With a blend of humor, nostalgia, and cultural insights, the author paints a rich and heartfelt portrait of his childhood, highlighting the importance of community, family, and storytelling in shaping his identity.

  23. 23. The Painted Alphabet by Diana Darling

    "The Painted Alphabet" is a magical realist novel that weaves together Balinese mythology with the tale of a contemporary woman's journey of self-discovery. Set against the backdrop of Bali's rich cultural tapestry, the story follows the protagonist as she encounters a series of mystical events and characters drawn from traditional Balinese folklore. Through her interactions with gods, demons, and ancestral spirits, she embarks on a transformative quest that challenges her perceptions of reality and identity, ultimately leading her to a deeper understanding of herself and the world around her. The novel is a celebration of the power of myth and the enduring relevance of ancient wisdom in modern life.

  24. 24. Bulgarian Folk Tales by Angel Karaliichev

    This collection brings together a captivating array of traditional Bulgarian folk tales, curated by a renowned author who has dedicated his work to preserving the rich oral heritage of Bulgaria. The stories within this compilation are a testament to the vibrant imagination, profound wisdom, and cultural values of the Bulgarian people. Through tales of magical creatures, brave heroes, and cunning villains, readers are transported to a world where the mystical and the mundane intertwine. Each story, steeped in folklore and adorned with moral lessons, reflects the spirit and traditions of Bulgarian life, offering both entertainment and insight into the country's historical and cultural landscape.

  25. 25. Croatian Tales of Long Ago by Ivana Brlic-Mazuranic

    "Croatian Tales of Long Ago" is a collection of children's stories rooted in the mythology and folklore of Croatia. Written in the early 20th century, the book blends magical narratives with the rich cultural heritage of the region. The stories feature a cast of fantastical creatures and heroes, exploring themes of bravery, wisdom, and the struggle between good and evil. Through vivid storytelling and imaginative plots, the tales aim to impart moral lessons and celebrate the timeless traditions and landscapes of Croatia.

Reading Statistics

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If you're interested in downloading this list as a CSV file for use in a spreadsheet application, you can easily do so by clicking the button below. Please note that to ensure a manageable file size and faster download, the CSV will include details for only the first 500 books.

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