The Greatest Modernist and Postmodern Books of All Time

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This list represents a comprehensive and trusted collection of the greatest books. Developed through a specialized algorithm, it brings together 464 'best of' book lists to form a definitive guide to the world's most acclaimed books. For those interested in how these books are chosen, additional details can be found on the rankings page.

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Modernist

Modernist literature is a category of books that emerged in the early 20th century, characterized by a break from traditional literary forms and a focus on individual experience and perception. Modernist writers experimented with language, form, and structure, often using stream-of-consciousness narration and fragmented storytelling to convey the complexity and ambiguity of modern life. Themes of alienation, disillusionment, and the search for meaning are common in modernist literature, which reflects the cultural and social upheavals of the time. Overall, modernist literature is a challenging and thought-provoking genre that continues to influence contemporary literature and culture.

Postmodern

Postmodernism is a literary movement that emerged in the mid-20th century, characterized by a rejection of traditional narrative structures and a focus on self-reflexivity and intertextuality. Postmodern literature often features fragmented narratives, unreliable narrators, and a blurring of the lines between reality and fiction. It is a genre that challenges the notion of a single, objective truth and instead embraces the idea of multiple perspectives and interpretations. Postmodern literature is often seen as a response to the modernist movement that preceded it, and it continues to be a popular and influential category for contemporary writers.

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  1. 1. Ferdydurke by Witold Gombrowicz

    "Ferdydurke" is a satirical novel that explores the themes of maturity, identity, and societal norms. The protagonist, a thirty-year-old writer, is forcibly regressed by two professors back to his adolescence and placed in a school setting. The narrative critiques the artificiality of adulthood and the pressure of societal expectations, while also exploring the struggle for self-expression and individuality. The book is known for its absurdist humor and its examination of the human condition.

    The 379th Greatest Book of All Time
  2. 2. The Passion According to G.H. by Clarice Lispector

    "The Passion According to G.H." is a philosophical novel that delves into the existential crisis of a wealthy Brazilian woman who, after killing a cockroach in her maid's room, experiences a profound metaphysical crisis. The narrative unfolds as a stream of consciousness that explores themes of identity, existence, and the nature of reality. The protagonist's journey forces her to confront her own humanity, the concept of nothingness, and the chaotic, interconnected nature of life. It's a profound and introspective exploration of the human condition and the meaning of existence.

    The 537th Greatest Book of All Time
  3. 3. Childhood by Nathalie Sarraute

    "Childhood" is a memoir that delves into the fragmented memories of the author's early years, exploring the complexities of growing up and the formation of identity. Through a series of vignettes, the narrative captures the nuanced emotions and experiences of a young girl navigating her way through the challenges of family dynamics, societal expectations, and self-discovery. The author employs an innovative literary style, characterized by introspection and a stream-of-consciousness approach, to reflect on the elusive nature of memory and the ways in which our childhood experiences shape who we become.

    The 1612th Greatest Book of All Time
  4. 4. Concrete by Thomas Bernhard

    The book is a darkly introspective narrative that delves into the mind of a reclusive, obsessive intellectual who is struggling to complete his scholarly work on the composer Mendelssohn. As he grapples with his own ailments and the perceived mediocrity of his surroundings, the protagonist's stream-of-consciousness monologue reveals his deep-seated anxieties, self-loathing, and profound isolation. The narrative is a relentless examination of the protagonist's psyche, showcasing his critical view of society and his own personal relationships, which are fraught with tension and dysfunction. Through this, the novel explores themes of artistic creation, intellectual elitism, and the suffocating nature of expectations and familial obligations.

    The 1685th Greatest Book of All Time
  5. 5. Insatiability by Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz

    A Novel in Two Parts

    The novel is a dystopian narrative set in a future where a new Asian empire has conquered Europe. The story follows a young Polish man who, while initially indulging in hedonistic pursuits, becomes increasingly disillusioned with the world around him. As the new empire introduces a mysterious substance known as Murti-Bing pills, which create a sense of contentment and indifference in the populace, the protagonist grapples with the loss of individuality and the erosion of human spirit in society. The narrative is a critique of totalitarian regimes and the dangers of mass conformity.

    The 1736th Greatest Book of All Time
  6. 6. Death Sentence by Maurice Blanchot

    The Instant of My Death

    "Death Sentence" is a philosophical novella that explores the themes of death, love, and the nature of narrative. The story is divided into two parts, each focusing on a different protagonist who is dealing with the impending death of a loved one. Through their experiences and internal monologues, the novel delves into the complexities of human emotions and the existential dread associated with mortality. The narrative is further complicated by the author's experimental writing style, which challenges traditional storytelling conventions and encourages readers to question their understanding of reality.

    The 1736th Greatest Book of All Time
  7. 7. Garden, Ashes by Danilo Kiš

    "Garden, Ashes" is a semi-autobiographical novel set during World War II, tracing the experiences of a Jewish boy and his eccentric father in Hungary. The narrative weaves between the boy's vivid imagination and the harsh realities of war, as he grapples with his father's unusual behavior and the increasing threat of the Holocaust. The book is a poignant exploration of childhood, family, and the impact of war on ordinary lives.

    The 2138th Greatest Book of All Time
  8. 8. The Unconsoled by Kazuo Ishiguro

    The book follows a renowned pianist who arrives in a Central European city to give a concert. However, his time there becomes increasingly surreal and disjointed as he is pulled in different directions by the demands of the locals, his own past, and his responsibilities. The narrative explores themes of memory, time, and self-delusion, creating a dream-like atmosphere that blurs the lines between reality and illusion.

    The 2324th Greatest Book of All Time
  9. 9. Sleepless Nights by Elizabeth Hardwick

    "Sleepless Nights" is a novel that weaves together memories, reflections, and fictionalized episodes to paint a portrait of a woman's life. The narrative is fragmented and non-linear, reflecting the protagonist's introspective journey through her past relationships, experiences, and observations. Set against the backdrop of various American and European backdrops, the book delves into themes of love, loss, identity, and the complexities of the human condition. The protagonist's musings are interlaced with vivid character sketches of the people who have drifted in and out of her life, creating a tapestry of poignant and evocative vignettes that capture the essence of her restless, contemplative existence.

    The 2592nd Greatest Book of All Time
  10. 10. Watt by Samuel Beckett

    The novel is a darkly comedic and absurdist exploration of the human condition. It follows the eponymous character, Watt, as he serves as a domestic servant in a bizarre, isolated household. Throughout the narrative, Watt struggles to make sense of his surroundings, the odd behavior of his master, and his own existence. The book is filled with philosophical musings, wordplay, and surreal humor, offering a unique and challenging reading experience.

    The 2944th Greatest Book of All Time
  11. 11. Querelle by Jean Genet

    "Querelle" is a provocative novel set in the seedy port of Brest, where the protagonist, an amoral, bisexual sailor, engages in theft, drug dealing, and murder. The story explores themes of identity, sexuality, and power, presenting a dark and complex character study that challenges societal norms and expectations. The narrative is imbued with homoerotic undertones, reflecting the author's own experiences and perspectives as a gay man.

    The 2990th Greatest Book of All Time
  12. 12. Wittgenstein's Nephew by Thomas Bernhard

    A Friendship

    "Wittgenstein's Nephew" is a semi-autobiographical novel that explores the friendship between the narrator and his friend Paul, who is the nephew of the famous philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein. The story takes place in Vienna and is set against the backdrop of the Austrian mental health system. The novel delves into themes of sanity, insanity, and the fine line that separates the two, while also offering a critique of Austrian society. It is a meditation on the nature of illness, both physical and mental, and the impact it has on personal relationships and one's perception of the world.

    The 3134th Greatest Book of All Time
  13. 13. Inland by Gerald Murnane

    Inland is a complex and introspective novel that explores the inner workings of the human mind and the concept of reality. The story is narrated by a man who is reflecting on his life, his relationships, and his experiences, using the vast landscapes of his native Australia as a metaphor for his inner world. The narrative is non-linear and often fragmented, reflecting the man's scattered thoughts and memories. The novel is a deep exploration of the human psyche, the nature of memory, and the power of the imagination.

    The 3689th Greatest Book of All Time
  14. 14. The Field of Vision by Wright Morris

    "The Field of Vision" is a novel that focuses on a group of American tourists who travel to Mexico to witness a bullfight. The narrative unfolds through the eyes of one of the tourists, who reflects on his personal life and relationships. The story is not linear but rather a series of flashbacks and introspections, creating a complex and layered narrative. The author explores themes of perception, memory, and the human condition through the protagonist's introspective journey.

    The 4581st Greatest Book of All Time
  15. 15. Two Serious Ladies by Jane Bowles

    Two Serious Ladies is a novel that follows the lives of two women, Christina Goering and Frieda Copperfield, who are both on their own personal journeys of self-discovery. Christina, a wealthy spinster, decides to abandon her comfortable life to explore the darker side of society, while Frieda, a married woman, leaves her husband during a trip to Panama to pursue a relationship with a teenage prostitute. The novel explores themes of identity, sexuality, and societal norms, challenging traditional notions of femininity and respectability.

    The 5315th Greatest Book of All Time
  16. 16. How It Is by Samuel Beckett

    The book is a challenging and experimental novel that delves into the fragmented and often bleak inner monologue of its protagonist, who finds himself lying in the mud, in a dark and indeterminate space. The narrative is characterized by its repetitive and disjointed style, reflecting the protagonist's sense of dislocation and his struggle to make sense of his existence. Through sparse and poetic language, the novel explores themes of solitude, identity, and the human condition, as the protagonist interacts with other vague figures in this desolate landscape, questioning the nature of reality and his own consciousness.

    The 5427th Greatest Book of All Time
  17. 17. The Arcades Project by Walter Benjamin

    "The Arcades Project" is a comprehensive and intricate examination of 19th-century Parisian life, focusing on the iron-and-glass shopping arcades that emerged as early forms of the shopping mall. Compiled from a vast array of notes and writings, the work delves into the city's architectural and urban transformations, exploring how these spaces influenced aspects of culture, politics, and everyday life. Through a montage of quotations, reflections, and critical commentary, the book presents a fragmented yet profound analysis of modernity, capturing the intersection of history, philosophy, and social theory.

    The 7047th Greatest Book of All Time
  18. 18. The Loser by Thomas Bernhard

    "The Loser" is a philosophical novel that revolves around the complex relationship between three friends who are all piano virtuosos. The narrative is driven by the protagonist's obsession with his friend's suicide, which he believes was triggered by the realization that they could never surpass the genius of their third friend. The book delves into the protagonist's psyche as he grapples with themes of talent, ambition, failure, and the destructive power of comparison.

    The 7892nd Greatest Book of All Time
  19. 19. Travesties by Tom Stoppard

    The play is a comedic and intellectual romp through Zurich during World War I, where the lives of historical figures like the Dadaist Tristan Tzara, the novelist James Joyce, and the communist revolutionary Lenin intersect through the unreliable memories of British consular official Henry Carr. The narrative is a playful, non-linear exploration of art, politics, and the nature of memory, blending slapstick humor with sharp wit and literary allusions. The work challenges the audience to consider the role of the artist in society and the impact of political upheaval on cultural expression, all while questioning the reliability of history and the very nature of truth itself.

    The 8190th Greatest Book of All Time
  20. 20. Our Lord Don Quixote by Miguel de Unamuno

    The Life of Don Quixote and Sancho

    The book presents a philosophical and introspective analysis of the classic literary character Don Quixote, delving into the existential and moral dimensions of his adventures. The author reflects on the nature of reality, the importance of ideals, and the interplay between sanity and madness, arguing that Quixote's chivalric quests and his refusal to concede to the limitations of his mundane world embody a profound and heroic affirmation of human imagination and spirit. Through this exploration, the work becomes a meditation on the human condition and the enduring power of fiction to inspire and give life meaning.

    The 8472nd Greatest Book of All Time
  21. 21. Malina by Ingeborg Bachmann

    This novel delves into the complex inner world of a female protagonist living in Vienna, who is torn between two contrasting loves: one with a passionate, consuming lover, Ivan, and the other with a figure named Malina, embodying stability and intellectual companionship. Set against a backdrop of post-war Austria, the narrative explores themes of identity, gender, and the trauma of history, all while blurring the lines between reality and the protagonist's psychological disintegration. The protagonist's struggle for self-definition and coherence in a fragmented world is central to the story, culminating in a haunting and ambiguous conclusion that challenges the boundaries of narrative and self.

    The 10994th Greatest Book of All Time
  22. 22. Rivers and Mountains by John Ashbery

    "Rivers and Mountains" is a collection of poems that explores the complexities of human emotions and experiences through the lens of nature. The author skillfully uses vivid imagery and metaphors to weave a tapestry of thoughts and feelings, often blurring the lines between reality and imagination. The poems range from introspective and contemplative to whimsical and surreal, offering a unique perspective on life's ups and downs.

    The 11232nd Greatest Book of All Time
  23. 23. The Voyeur by Alain Robbe-Grillet

    "The Voyeur" is a psychological thriller that revolves around the protagonist, a watch salesman, who visits an island town to sell watches but becomes the prime suspect in a young girl's murder. The narrative delves into the mind of the salesman, constantly blurring the lines between reality and his fantasies. The book is known for its experimental narrative style, with the author often repeating scenes with minor variations and leaving the reader to question the truth.

    The 12892nd Greatest Book of All Time
  24. 24. Selected Works by Alfred Jarry

    "Selected Works" by Alfred Jarry is a compilation of the most significant writings from a French author known for his pioneering work in the Absurdist and Surrealist movements. The collection showcases a range of Jarry's literary output, including plays, essays, and novels, with his most famous character, Père Ubu, often taking center stage. Jarry's work is characterized by its satirical edge, inventive language, and the subversion of traditional literary forms. His influence extends beyond literature into the realms of theatre and the visual arts, where his ideas have continued to resonate with avant-garde movements throughout the 20th century and beyond.

    The 13199th Greatest Book of All Time
  25. 25. Seven Dada Manifestoes by Tristan Tzara

    This book is a collection of manifestos that serve as a seminal document in the history of the Dada movement, an avant-garde art movement of the early 20th century. The texts within are a blend of satire, polemic, and absurdity, reflecting the movement's disdain for the norms of bourgeois culture and traditional aesthetics. The author, a key figure in Dadaism, uses these manifestos to challenge concepts of art, literature, and politics, advocating for chaos and spontaneity over logic and reason. The work is both a philosophical treatise and a call to arms, encouraging the reader to question the status quo and embrace the liberating power of nonconformity and irrationality.

    The 13199th Greatest Book of All Time

Reading Statistics

Click the button below to see how many of these books you've read!

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If you're interested in downloading this list as a CSV file for use in a spreadsheet application, you can easily do so by clicking the button below. Please note that to ensure a manageable file size and faster download, the CSV will include details for only the first 500 books.

Download