Martin Hengel
German New Testament scholar and historian of ancient Judaism and early Christianity; professor at the University of Tübingen; known for 'Judaism and Hellenism' and influential studies on Jesus, Paul, crucifixion, and the Hellenization of Judea.
Books
This list of books are ONLY the books that have been ranked on the lists that are aggregated on this site. This is not a comprehensive list of all books by this author.
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1. Studies In The Gospel Of Mark
A set of historical and exegetical studies on the Second Gospel that probes its Christology, narrative design, and setting within early Jewish and Greco-Roman worlds. It explores themes such as the “Messianic secret,” the Son of Man, discipleship under the sign of the cross, miracle traditions, and the passion narrative, relating them to persecution and community formation. The work also addresses date, provenance, and purpose, arguing for roots in early tradition shaped by memories of Peter and the upheavals of the late 60s CE.
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2. Property And Riches In The Early Church
A concise historical and theological analysis of early Christian attitudes toward wealth and property, examining New Testament texts and early church writings within their Greco-Roman context. It traces the tension between radical calls to renunciation and the practical realities of community life, patronage, and household churches. Emphasizing almsgiving, stewardship, and responsibility toward the poor, it shows how an ethic of moderated possession emerged, balancing critique of riches with their charitable and communal use.
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3. The Son Of God
The Origin of Christology and the History of Jewish-Hellenistic Religion
A concise study tracing the origins and meanings of the title “Son of God” within Jewish Scripture, Second Temple traditions, and Greco-Roman ruler cults and divine-man concepts. It argues that a high Christology developed very early, weaving together messianic, Wisdom, and Kyrios motifs to articulate a unique filial relationship with God and exalted status. By situating the confession in its ancient cultural and religious contexts—kingship ideology, angelic intermediaries, and the imperial cult—it clarifies how the earliest believers understood and proclaimed this title.
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4. Acts And The History Of Earliest Christianity
A rigorous reassessment of the historical value of the New Testament account of the church’s beginnings, this study situates the narrative within Greco-Roman historiography and probes its sources, chronology, and theological aims. It examines the relationship between the storyline and Paul’s letters, the emergence of the Jerusalem community and the Hellenists, the Stephen episode, and the Gentile mission, giving special attention to speeches and the “we” passages as literary-historical devices. The result portrays early Christianity as a movement where theological interpretation and credible historical remembrance are closely interwoven, yielding an indispensable yet critically read source for its earliest history.
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