Science And Civilisation In China, Volume 2 by Joseph Needham

History of Scientific Thought

A study of the intellectual foundations of Chinese science, it traces how classical philosophies, cosmology (yin–yang and the Five Phases), and correlative thinking shaped ideas of nature, space, time, number, and causation. Through close readings of texts and institutions, it shows how bureaucratic structures, craft traditions, and scholarly culture fostered technical achievement while channeling methods of inquiry. It also compares these patterns with those of the West and probes why systematic, mathematical natural science did not crystallize in China despite abundant innovation, setting the conceptual stage for later examinations of specific technologies.

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