The Aim And Structure Of Physical Theory by Pierre Duhem

Son objet et sa structure

This classic work contends that physical theories function as instruments for economically organizing and predicting experimental laws rather than revealing the true nature of reality. It defends a holistic view of testing in which hypotheses confront experience as a group, so no single crucial experiment can definitively confirm or refute one element in isolation, and it underscores the underdetermination of theory by data. Separating physics from metaphysics, it cautions against reading ontological commitments into models and portrays scientific progress as the refinement and unification of coherent, predictive structures that save the phenomena.

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