Israelite Religions by Richard S. Hess

An Archaeological and Biblical Survey

This study surveys the diverse religious beliefs and practices of ancient Israel from the Late Bronze through the Persian periods, integrating archaeological discoveries, inscriptions, and biblical texts. It highlights regional and chronological variety—household cults, temples and high places, priesthood and sacrifice, festivals, aniconism and iconography—and the interplay with Canaanite and neighboring traditions. The work argues for multiple, evolving expressions of worship centered on YHWH, examines episodes of reform and syncretism, and reassesses popular claims about Asherah, images, and the development of monotheism.

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