Hondehart by Mikhail Bulgakov

A brilliant but irreverent surgeon conducts a radical experiment transplanting human organs into a stray dog, producing a coarse, impulsive man whose behavior and politics lay bare the absurdities, moral confusion, and social upheaval of the early Soviet era; the doctor's efforts to control and educate his creation unravel into a sharp satire about science, identity, and the limits of social engineering.