The Postmodern Explained by Jean-François Lyotard

The book argues that what is called the postmodern condition involves the collapse of overarching, legitimizing “grand narratives” and a turn toward a plurality of smaller, local narratives and language-games; knowledge and social institutions increasingly justify themselves by efficiency and performativity rather than by appeals to universal truth or emancipation, producing fragmentation, skepticism, and new forms of commodification; at the same time the aesthetic experience—especially the uneasy encounter with the sublime—offers a means of resisting instrumentalization and attending to irreducible differences, so political and ethical attention should shift from totalizing explanations to the protection and articulation of diverse, often incommensurable voices.

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