Bad Medicine by David Wootton

Doctors Doing Harm Since Hippocrates

A concise, critical history of Western healing that argues doctors long did more harm than good, sustained by deference to ancient authority and ineffective practices like bloodletting, until the adoption of measurement, experimentation, anesthesia, antisepsis, and germ theory in the nineteenth century began to make treatments genuinely beneficial; it contends that progress in care is irregular and requires skepticism, quantification, and the willingness to abandon failed therapies.