The Greatest Indian "Social & Cultural Fiction, Fiction" Books Since 1900

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This list represents a comprehensive and trusted collection of the greatest books. Developed through a specialized algorithm, it brings together 305 'best of' book lists to form a definitive guide to the world's most acclaimed books. For those interested in how these books are chosen, additional details can be found on the rankings page.

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Social & Cultural Fiction

Social & Cultural Fiction is a literary category that encompasses novels and stories that delve into the complexities of society and culture, exploring themes such as class, race, gender, and identity within specific social contexts. These narratives often provide a lens through which readers can examine the intricacies of human relationships and the impact of cultural norms and societal structures on individuals and communities. By offering a fictional yet reflective portrayal of real-world social dynamics, this genre invites readers to gain a deeper understanding of the diverse experiences that shape our world. Authors in this category frequently use their characters and settings to comment on contemporary issues, challenge prevailing ideologies, and provoke thought about the possibility of social change, making Social & Cultural Fiction a powerful tool for empathy and a mirror for the ever-evolving human condition.

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  1. 26. The Financial Expert by R. K. Narayan

    The novel follows the life of Margayya, a shrewd and ambitious financial advisor in a small South Indian town, who starts his career under a banyan tree offering advice to the local people on financial matters. With his cunning mind and understanding of the banking system, he rises to wealth and prominence, helping people with loans and investment schemes. However, his success is marred by his morally questionable methods and the eventual downfall that results from his hubris and detachment from traditional values. The story is a reflection on the complexities of financial dealings and the impact of modern capitalism on traditional Indian society, exploring themes of ambition, greed, and the consequences of a life devoted to the pursuit of money.

    The 5947th Greatest Book of All Time
  2. 27. In Custody by Anita Desai

    The novel explores the life of Deven Sharma, a Hindi literature professor in the small town of Mirpore, India, who finds himself entangled in the complexities of cultural preservation and personal ambition. Tasked with interviewing and recording the works of Nur, a fading Urdu poet, Deven confronts the decline of the Urdu language and the poet's own waning relevance. As he navigates the chaotic and often comical world of Nur's entourage, Deven grapples with his own unfulfilled dreams, a strained marriage, and the stark realities of academic life. The story delves into themes of linguistic heritage, the burdens of tradition, and the search for identity amidst the changing cultural landscape of India.

    The 6579th Greatest Book of All Time
  3. 28. Waiting for the Mahatma by R. K. Narayan

    "Waiting for the Mahatma" is a novel set against the backdrop of the Indian Independence movement. The story revolves around a young, carefree boy named Sriram who falls in love with a devoted disciple of Mahatma Gandhi, Bharati. His love for Bharati leads him to join the freedom struggle, despite his lack of political interest. The narrative explores his transformation from a reckless youth to a mature individual committed to the cause, under the influence of Bharati and the Mahatma. Despite the challenges and personal sacrifices, Sriram remains steadfast in his commitment to the freedom movement, showcasing the impact of love and ideology on personal growth.

    The 6725th Greatest Book of All Time
  4. 29. Unaccustomed Earth by Jhumpa Lahiri

    "Unaccustomed Earth" is a collection of short stories by Jhumpa Lahiri that explores the lives of Bengali immigrants and their children in the United States. The stories focus on themes of family, love, loss, and cultural identity as characters navigate the challenges of assimilation and the tensions between their American and Bengali identities. The collection is divided into two parts, with the first featuring interconnected stories about the experiences of two generations of a Bengali family, and the second featuring standalone stories that explore similar themes. Overall, the book offers a nuanced and poignant portrayal of the immigrant experience and the complexities of cultural identity.

    The 7823rd Greatest Book of All Time
  5. 30. Sea of Poppies by Amitav Ghosh

    "Sea of Poppies" is a historical novel set in the 1830s, just before the Opium Wars. It traces the intertwined lives of a diverse group of characters, from a raja turned convict, a widowed poppy grower, a French orphan, to a mulatto American freedman, all of whom are brought together on the Ibis, a former slave ship now used for transporting opium. The story explores the social and economic impact of the opium trade, colonialism, and the caste system, while also delving into the personal histories, relationships, and struggles of the characters.

    The 7921st Greatest Book of All Time
  6. 31. Coolie by Mulk Raj Anand

    "Coolie" is a poignant and powerful novel that delves into the life of Munoo, a young boy from a small village in India who is forced into a life of labor as a coolie. Set during the British colonial era, the story explores themes of exploitation, poverty, and the harsh realities faced by the lower classes. Munoo's journey takes him from his village to bustling cities, encountering both cruelty and kindness along the way, ultimately shedding light on the injustices of the time.

    The 8449th Greatest Book of All Time
  7. 32. Out Of India by Ruth Prawer Jhabvala

    "Out of India" is a collection of stories and essays that provide a rich and evocative portrayal of Indian society and the complexities of its cultural and social tapestry. The author, born in Germany and having spent a significant part of her life in India, uses her unique perspective to explore themes of identity, displacement, and the nuances of East-West encounters. Through vivid characterizations and keen observations, the book captures the essence of India, from its bustling cities to its rural landscapes, offering insights into both the beauty and the contradictions of the country. The work is a reflection on the author's experiences and observations during her time in India, making it both a personal and deeply insightful read.

    The 8468th Greatest Book of All Time
  8. 33. Kanthapura by Raja Rao

    "Kanthapura" is a powerful novel that tells the story of a small South Indian village as it becomes embroiled in the struggle for independence from British rule. Through the eyes of a young woman named Moorthy, the reader witnesses the transformation of the village and its people as they are inspired by the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi and join the fight for freedom. The novel explores themes of unity, sacrifice, and the power of nonviolent resistance, offering a poignant portrayal of the impact of colonialism on rural communities and the strength of the human spirit.

    The 8636th Greatest Book of All Time
  9. 34. The Association Of Small Bombs by Karan Mahajan

    "The Association of Small Bombs" by Karan Mahajan is a novel that explores the aftermath of a bomb blast in Delhi, India. The story follows the lives of two families affected by the tragedy, as well as the bomber himself. Through their perspectives, the novel delves into themes of grief, revenge, and the complexities of terrorism. Mahajan's writing is both intimate and expansive, offering a nuanced portrayal of the human impact of violence.

    The 9037th Greatest Book of All Time
  10. 35. Tales From Firozhsha Baug by Rohinton Mistry

    "Tales From Firozhsha Baug" is a collection of interconnected stories set in a Mumbai apartment complex. Through the lives of its diverse residents, the book explores themes of family, identity, and the complexities of urban life in India. With a blend of humor, compassion, and keen observation, the stories shed light on the struggles, dreams, and resilience of ordinary people, capturing the essence of a vibrant community in a rapidly changing city.

    The 9097th Greatest Book of All Time
  11. 36. Baumgartner’s Bombay by Anita Desai

    In "Baumgartner's Bombay" by Anita Desai, the story revolves around Hugo Baumgartner, a German Jew who fled to India during World War II. Set in Bombay, the novel explores the themes of identity, displacement, and the search for belonging. As the narrative unfolds, Hugo's life becomes entwined with that of the city's street children, leading to a poignant and thought-provoking exploration of love, loss, and the complexities of human connections.

    The 9348th Greatest Book of All Time
  12. 37. That Long Silence by Shashi Deshpande

    In this thought-provoking novel, a woman named Jaya struggles to find her identity and voice in a patriarchal society. Through introspection and reflection on her past, she grapples with the expectations placed upon her as a wife, mother, and daughter-in-law. As she navigates the complexities of her relationships and confronts societal norms, Jaya embarks on a journey of self-discovery and liberation, ultimately finding the courage to break her long silence and assert her individuality.

    The 9462nd Greatest Book of All Time
  13. 38. Love And Longing In Bombay by Vikram Chandra

    "Love And Longing In Bombay" is a collection of five interconnected stories set in the bustling city of Bombay. Each story explores themes of love, loss, and longing, as characters navigate their way through the complexities of relationships and the challenges of modern life. From a detective investigating a mysterious disappearance to a struggling actor caught in a web of deceit, these stories offer a glimpse into the diverse lives and emotions of Bombay's inhabitants. With richly drawn characters and evocative descriptions of the city, the book captures the essence of Bombay and delves into the universal experiences of love and longing.

    The 9584th Greatest Book of All Time
  14. 39. The Glass Palace by Amitav Ghosh

    "The Glass Palace" is a sweeping historical epic that spans over a century, tracing the tumultuous events of the British invasion of Burma and its aftermath. The story follows the life of Rajkumar, an Indian orphan, who rises from the depths of poverty to become a wealthy businessman. His journey is intricately linked with the fates of those around him, including Dolly, a maid in the royal palace, and a host of other characters whose lives intersect across the landscapes of Burma, India, and Malaya. The novel explores themes of love, loyalty, and the impacts of colonialism, while providing a deep insight into the historical and political complexities of the Southeast Asian region.

    The 10064th Greatest Book of All Time

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