40 Most Important Books, 1927-2001

This is one of the 759 lists we use to generate our main The Greatest Books list.

About this list

World Literature Today, 40 Books

Published in 2001 for World Literature Today’s 75th anniversary, the list was built by a panel of about three dozen experts—35 writers and professors from 22 countries were reported as submitting ballots—whom the editors had originally assembled as “40 scholars” for the project. The judges were asked to single out works they felt had proved most “important” to engaged general readers rather than merely to academics, and they could choose only titles issued during the magazine’s own lifespan (1 January 1927 – 31 December 2001). The resulting, unranked Top 40 covers four genres (fiction, poetry, drama, essays), draws on 29 different national literatures, and includes 23 books first written in languages other than English, underlining the list’s deliberately concise yet genuinely international scope.

This list was originally published in 2001 and was added to this site over 1 year ago.

View: List Grid Table
Rank Book Authors Year Country Language Actions
27 To the Lighthouse Virginia Woolf 1927 British English
447 Gypsy Ballads Federico García Lorca 1928 Spanish Spanish
1508 The Tower William Butler Yeats 1928 Irish English
9 The Sound and the Fury William Faulkner 1929 American English
2081 Στροφή George Seferis 1931 Greek Greek
1171 Residence on Earth Pablo Neruda 1933 Chilean Spanish
288 Independent People Halldor Laxness 1934 Icelandic Icelandic
610 Requiem Anna Akhmatova 1963 Russian Russian
1084 Mother Courage and Her Children Bertolt Brecht 1941 German German
23 The Stranger Albert Camus 1942 French French
479 Four Quartets T. S. Eliot 1943 British English
45 Fictions Jorge Luis Borges 1944 Argentinian Spanish
847 Only Yesterday Shmuel Yosef Agnon 1945 Israeli Hebrew
1092 Snow Country Yasunari Kawabata 1937 Japanese Japanese
756 The Labyrinth of Solitude Octavio Paz 1950 Mexican Spanish
101 Waiting for Godot Samuel Beckett 1953 Irish French
36 Invisible Man Ralph Ellison 1952 American English
54 The Old Man and the Sea Ernest Hemingway 1952 American English
6222 In Country Sleep Dylan Thomas 1952 Welsh English
833 The Lost Steps Alejo Carpentier 1953 Cuban Spanish
1115 The Cairo Trilogy Naguib Mahfouz 1956 Egyptian Arabic
272 The Devil to Pay in the Backlands Joao Guimaraes Rosa 1956 Brazilian Portuguese
826 Voss Patrick White 1957 Australian English
60 Things Fall Apart Chinua Achebe 1958 Nigerian English
1300 The Guide R. K. Narayan 1958 Indian English
91 The Tin Drum Günter Grass 1959 German German
223 A House for Mr. Biswas V. S. Naipaul 1961 Trinidadian English
200 The Book of Disquiet Fernando Pessoa 1982 Portuguese Portuguese
61 The Golden Notebook Doris May Lessing 1962 British English
72 Pale Fire Vladimir Nabokov 1962 American English
656 The Time Of The Doves Merce Rodoreda 1962 Spanish Catalan
148 One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn 1962 Russian Russian
2163 A Personal Matter Kenzaburō Ōe 1964 Japanese Japanese
6969 Collected Shorter Poems W. H. Auden 1966 British English
5 One Hundred Years of Solitude Gabriel García Márquez 1967 Colombian Spanish
2868 House Made of Dawn N. Scott Momaday 1968 American English
202 Invisible Cities Italo Calvino 1972 Italian Italian
2605 The Conservationist Nadine Gordimer 1974 South African English
8218 Bells In Winter Czesław Miłosz 1978 Polish Polish
1906 Red Sorghum Yan Mo 1986 Chinese Chinese