Inference From Signs by James Allen

Ancient Debates about the Nature of Evidence

A scholarly examination of how ancient thinkers theorized arguments from signs and evidence, analyzing texts to show how non-deductive, probabilistic inferences function in rhetoric, law, medicine, and science. It reconstructs the logic and standards of warrant for sign-based reasoning and explains how such arguments can be both defeasible and rational. Drawing connections to modern concerns about induction and evidence, it defends the intellectual legitimacy of reasoning from indicators.

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