The 25 Masterpieces of World Literature That Will Define the 21st Century
This is one of the 743 lists we use to generate our main The Greatest Books list.
-
2666 by Roberto Bolaño
The novel is a sprawling, ambitious work that spans continents and time periods, centering around an elusive, reclusive German author. It intertwines five different narratives: a group of European academics searching for the author, a professor in Mexico dealing with his own personal crises, a New York reporter sent to cover a boxing match in Mexico, an African-American journalist in Detroit, and the horrifying and unsolved murders of hundreds of women in a Mexican border town. The narratives are linked by themes of violence, mystery, and the search for meaning in a chaotic world.
The 232nd Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
Austerlitz by W. G. Sebald
The novel follows the story of Jacques Austerlitz, an architectural historian who was brought to England on a Kindertransport from Czechoslovakia during World War II. As an adult, Jacques embarks on a journey to uncover his past, including his original identity, his parent's fate, and his own lost history. The narrative is a haunting exploration of memory, identity, and the lasting impact of the Holocaust.
The 261st Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
The Road by Cormac McCarthy
In a post-apocalyptic world, a father and his young son journey through a desolate landscape, struggling to survive. They face numerous threats including starvation, extreme weather, and dangerous encounters with other survivors. The father, who is terminally ill, is driven by his love and concern for his son, and is determined to protect him at all costs. The story is a haunting exploration of the depths of human resilience, the power of love, and the instinct to survive against all odds.
The 291st Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
Secondhand Time by Svetlana Alexievich
The Last of the Soviets
"Secondhand Time: The Last of the Soviets" is a compilation of personal narratives from individuals who lived through the transformation of the Soviet Union to modern Russia. The book provides a vivid and emotional portrayal of the experiences of ordinary people during this period of significant societal and political change. The author uses these narratives to explore themes such as the impact of political ideology on individual lives, the nature of memory and history, and the enduring effects of trauma and loss.
The 1024th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
The Years by Annie Ernaux
"The Years" is a compelling narrative that blends autobiography and collective history to depict the evolution of French society from the 1940s to the early 2000s. Through a blend of personal memories, shared experiences, and common artifacts, the book captures the passage of time and the changes it brings to individual lives and collective identity. The author uses an innovative form of writing, eschewing a traditional linear narrative and personal pronouns, to create a reflective and powerful exploration of memory, aging, and the continuous transformation of societal norms and personal aspirations.
The 597th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
The Human Stain by Philip Roth
The Human Stain is a novel that explores the life of Coleman Silk, a classics professor in a small New England town who is forced to retire after accusations of racism. The story delves into Silk's personal history, revealing that he is a light-skinned African American who has been passing as a Jewish man for most of his adult life. His affair with a much younger, illiterate janitor further scandalizes the community. The novel examines themes of identity, race, and the destructive power of public shaming.
The 418th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
Disturbance by Philippe Lançon
The book is a poignant memoir that delves into the author's personal journey of recovery and reflection following the traumatic experience of surviving the Charlie Hebdo terrorist attack in Paris. It explores the profound impact of the event on his life, both physically and emotionally, as he navigates the challenges of healing and reconstructing his identity. Through introspective and vivid prose, the narrative captures the complexities of trauma, resilience, and the search for meaning in the aftermath of violence, offering a deeply moving account of human vulnerability and strength.
The 3085th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
The Year of Magical Thinking by Joan Didion
This book is a raw and honest exploration of grief and mourning, written by a woman who lost her husband of 40 years to a heart attack while their only child lay comatose in the hospital. The narrative delves into the year following her husband's death, a year marked by grief, confusion, and a desperate hope for things to return to normal. The author's poignant reflections on death, love, and loss serve as a powerful testament to the resilience of the human spirit.
The 369th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
Solenoid by Mircea Cărtărescu
The novel follows a disillusioned Romanian schoolteacher who grapples with the mundanity of his existence and the haunting memories of his past. As he delves into his own writings and dreams, he uncovers a hidden, surreal world beneath the surface of everyday life, filled with bizarre occurrences and metaphysical mysteries. Through a labyrinth of introspection and fantastical elements, the protagonist seeks to understand the deeper truths of his reality, ultimately questioning the nature of existence and his place within it.
The 2304th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
The Books Of Jacob by Olga Tokarczuk
A Fantastic Journey Across Seven Borders, Five Languages, and Three Major Religions, Not Counting the Minor Sects. Told by the Dead, Supplemented by the Author, Drawing from a Range of Books, and Aided by Imagination, the Which Being the Greatest Natural Gift of Any Person. That the Wise Might Have It for a Record, That My Compatriots Reflect, Laypersons Gain Some Understanding, and Melancholy Souls Obtain Some Slight Enjoyment
Set in the 18th century, this novel intricately weaves the tale of Jacob Frank, a charismatic and controversial religious leader who inspires a fervent following across Eastern Europe. Through a rich tapestry of interconnected narratives, the story explores themes of faith, identity, and the complexities of human nature, as Jacob's radical ideas challenge established religious and social norms. The novel delves into the lives of his followers and detractors, painting a vivid picture of a tumultuous period marked by transformation and upheaval.
The 3227th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
The Feast of the Goat by Mario Vargas Llosa
"The Feast of the Goat" is a historical novel set in the Dominican Republic during the rule of dictator Rafael Trujillo. It follows the story of Urania Cabral, a successful lawyer returning to her homeland after 30 years of self-imposed exile, and her struggle to confront the traumatic past that led to her departure. The narrative alternates between Urania's personal story and the brutal regime of Trujillo, providing a stark depiction of political tyranny and its effects on individual lives.
The 700th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
The Adversary by Emmanuel Carrère
A True Story of Monstrous Deception
"The Adversary" is a gripping non-fiction narrative that delves into the chilling true story of Jean-Claude Romand, a man who deceived his family and friends for nearly two decades by pretending to be a successful medical professional. The deception culminates in a tragic and violent conclusion when Romand's lies begin to unravel, leading him to commit an unimaginable crime. The book explores the psychological depth of a pathological liar whose life is built on a complex web of fabrications, and it raises profound questions about truth and identity.
The 1363rd Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
Kafka On The Shore by Haruki Murakami
"Kafka On The Shore" is a surreal and philosophical novel by Haruki Murakami that follows two parallel storylines. The first is that of Kafka Tamura, a 15-year-old boy who runs away from home to escape an Oedipal prophecy and searches for his missing mother and sister. The second storyline follows Nakata, an elderly man who has lost his memory but possesses the ability to communicate with cats. As their paths converge, they encounter strange and mystical events that challenge their perceptions of reality and identity. The novel explores themes of fate, free will, and the human psyche, and is a captivating and thought-provoking read.
The 1199th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
Americanah by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie
The novel follows a young Nigerian woman who emigrates to the United States for a university education. While there, she experiences racism and begins blogging about her experiences as an African woman in America. Meanwhile, her high school sweetheart faces his own struggles in England and Nigeria. The story is a powerful exploration of race, immigration, and the complex nature of identity, love, and belonging.
The 441st Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
House of Leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski
The novel is a complex and multi-layered narrative that revolves around a young man who comes across a manuscript written by a blind man about a documentary that doesn't appear to exist. The documentary is about a family who moves into a house that is larger on the inside than it is on the outside, with shifting walls and hallways that lead to impossible spaces. The novel is known for its experimental layout, with some pages containing only a few words and others filled with footnotes, different fonts, and sideways text, reflecting the disorienting and labyrinthine nature of the house itself.
The 607th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
The Eleven by Pierre Michon
Set against the backdrop of the French Revolution, this novel intricately weaves fiction with historical events, focusing on the creation of a monumental painting depicting the eleven members of the Committee of Public Safety. Through the eyes of a fictional artist, the narrative explores themes of power, art, and the complex interplay between history and memory. The story delves into the lives of these influential figures, revealing the turbulent political landscape and the personal ambitions that shaped a pivotal moment in history, while questioning the role of art in immortalizing such figures.
The 6778th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
O by Miki Liukkonen
In this intricate narrative, readers are drawn into a labyrinthine exploration of contemporary life, where the boundaries between reality and imagination blur. The story unfolds through a tapestry of interconnected characters, each grappling with their own existential dilemmas and societal pressures. As the plot weaves through themes of identity, technology, and the human condition, it challenges conventional storytelling with its fragmented structure and rich, poetic language. The novel invites introspection, urging readers to ponder the complexities of modern existence and the elusive nature of truth.
The 8090th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
Purge by Sofi Oksanen
Set against the backdrop of Estonia's tumultuous history, this gripping narrative intertwines the lives of two women from different generations, revealing their shared struggles and secrets. As the older woman, Aliide, grapples with her past marked by betrayal and survival during Soviet occupation, she encounters Zara, a young trafficking victim seeking refuge. Their unexpected meeting unravels a haunting tale of love, power, and redemption, exploring the enduring scars of political oppression and personal trauma. Through its vivid storytelling, the novel delves into the complexities of human resilience and the quest for freedom in a world fraught with danger and deceit.
The 4096th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
The Hunger Angel by Herta Müller
"The Hunger Angel" is a poignant novel that explores the harrowing experiences of a young man deported to a Soviet labor camp after World War II. The narrative delves into the psychological and physical toll of life in the camp, where the protagonist grapples with extreme hunger, harsh conditions, and the struggle to maintain a sense of identity and humanity. Through lyrical and evocative prose, the book captures the intense emotions and survival mechanisms of those ensnared in the brutal realities of historical political oppression.
The 1698th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
The Underground Railroad by Colson Whitehead
This novel follows the journey of Cora, a young slave on a cotton plantation in Georgia, who escapes and embarks on a journey towards freedom via the Underground Railroad. The book presents a literal version of the historical Underground Railroad, portraying it as a physical network of tunnels and tracks beneath the Southern soil. As Cora travels from state to state, she encounters different worlds and harsh realities, each one illuminating the various forms of oppression Black people faced in America. The narrative is a brutal exploration of America's history of slavery and racism, and a testament to the unyielding spirit of those who fought against it.
The 769th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
A Tale of Love and Darkness by Amos Oz
This book is a poignant memoir that explores the complexities of love, darkness, loss, and the endurance of the human spirit. Set against the backdrop of the end of the British Mandate for Palestine and the early years of the State of Israel, the author recounts his childhood in Jerusalem, the suicide of his mother, and his path to becoming a writer. The narrative is both a personal account and a portrait of a society in turmoil, providing a profound exploration of the individual and collective psyche.
The 884th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
The Map And The Territory by Michel Houellebecq
Risk, Human Nature, and the Future of Forecasting
The novel explores the life of Jed Martin, a successful yet emotionally detached artist, as he navigates the complexities of the modern art world and his own personal relationships. Through a series of encounters with various characters, including a fictionalized version of the author himself, the story delves into themes of artistic creation, the commodification of art, and the search for meaning in a technologically advanced but spiritually barren society. The narrative intertwines elements of satire, existential reflection, and a touch of mystery, ultimately painting a poignant portrait of contemporary existence.
The 2441st Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
Baumgartner by Paul Auster
Set against the backdrop of a rapidly changing world, the narrative delves into the introspective journey of a retired philosophy professor grappling with the complexities of memory, identity, and the passage of time. As he navigates the solitude of his later years, he reflects on pivotal moments from his past, weaving together a tapestry of personal and historical events that have shaped his existence. Through a series of poignant encounters and introspections, the story explores themes of loss, redemption, and the enduring quest for meaning in the twilight of life.
The 7861st Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
Snow by Orhan Pamuk
Set in the small city of Kars in northeastern Turkey, the novel follows a Turkish poet who has spent several years in political exile in Germany. He returns to Turkey during a time of political unrest, with tensions high between religious and secular factions. As he becomes embroiled in the turmoil, he also becomes involved in a romantic relationship with a beautiful woman. The city is cut off from the rest of the world by a relentless snowstorm, leading to a series of tragic events. The novel is a contemplation on love, faith, and the tensions between tradition and modernity.
The 1536th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
The Vegetarian by Han Kang
This novel tells the story of Yeong-hye, a dutiful Korean wife who, after having a disturbing dream, becomes a vegetarian, a decision that disrupts her marriage and sets into motion an increasingly grotesque chain of events at home. As her rebellion manifests in ever more bizarre and frightening forms, Yeong-hye spirals further and further into her fantasies of abandoning her fleshly prison and becoming - impossibly, ecstatically - a tree. The book is a darkly allegorical, Kafkaesque tale of power, obsession, and one woman’s struggle to break free from the violence both without and within her.
The 803rd Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon
Télérama, 25 Books
This list presents a curated selection of literary works deemed to be the most significant of the 21st century thus far. It was compiled by the French magazine Télérama through a structured survey of sixty individuals including writers, editors, booksellers, translators, and literary critics from both French-speaking and international backgrounds.
Each participant was asked to nominate five books published since the year 2000 that had a lasting impact on their memory as readers. The resulting compilation reflects a wide range of professional literary perspectives and spans multiple languages and regions, aiming to identify contemporary masterpieces likely to shape the future of world literature. The methodology is notable for its qualitative, memory-based selection process rather than adherence to quantitative metrics or public popularity.
Note:
Télérama included the raw data, of which experts voted for each book. This got me curious because I would love to include ALL the books and not just the top 25. I ended up writing some code that aggregated the list based on their raw data and my results ended up being different in some ways to the list that was published. I am going to assume that I am a bit more experienced at aggregating book list data, than them, but maybe i'm wrong.
So this list will NOT match up exactly with what is on their website. It's very close though.
This particular list is 1-25
25-150~ will be in a followup honorable mention list:
This list was originally published in 2025 and was added to this site about 1 year ago.
This list has a weight of 80%. To learn more about what this means please visit the Rankings page.
Here is a list of what is decreasing the importance of this list:
- List: only covers 25 years
If you think this is incorrect please contact us.
- Number of Voters:
- 60
- Voter Count Unknown:
- No
- Voter Names Unknown:
- No
- High Quality Source:
- No
- Location Specific:
- No
- Category Specific:
- No