100 Best Non-Fiction Books of the 20th Century (and Beyond) in English
This is one of the 743 lists we use to generate our main The Greatest Books list.
-
The Dada Painters and Poets by Robert Motherwell
An Anthology
This book is a comprehensive anthology that explores the Dada movement, a radical and avant-garde art and literary movement that emerged in the early 20th century as a reaction to the horrors of World War I and the perceived absurdity of the modern world. It includes a rich collection of manifestos, essays, poems, and artworks from key Dada figures, providing insight into their revolutionary ideas and techniques. The compilation highlights the movement's emphasis on spontaneity, irrationality, and the rejection of traditional artistic and cultural norms, offering readers a deep understanding of Dada's impact on contemporary art and literature.
The 17008th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
Technics And Civilization by Lewis Mumford
The book explores the development and impact of technology on human civilization from prehistoric times to the 20th century. It examines how technological innovations have shaped various aspects of society including the economy, social order, and cultural life. The author argues that technology is not merely a collection of tools, but a pervasive force that has fundamentally transformed human relationships, values, and institutions. Through a detailed historical analysis, the book discusses the interplay between technological advances and shifts in human civilization, emphasizing the need for ethical and philosophical considerations in the management of technology.
The 15786th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
Blues Fell This Morning by Paul Oliver
Meaning in the Blues
"Blues Fell This Morning" is a seminal work in the field of musicology that explores the rich and poignant history of blues music, particularly focusing on its origins and development in the African American communities of the southern United States. The book delves into the socio-economic and cultural contexts that gave rise to the blues, examining the themes of suffering, resilience, and the quest for freedom expressed in the lyrics. Through detailed analysis of songs and profiles of key musicians, the author provides a deep understanding of how blues music reflects the struggles and experiences of its creators, making a significant contribution to the appreciation and understanding of this influential genre.
The 15786th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
Oxford English Dictionary by Oxford University Press
A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles
This book is a comprehensive and authoritative resource that provides definitions, etymology, and pronunciation for more than half a million English words. It is widely regarded as the accepted authority on the English language. The dictionary includes words from across the English-speaking world and from all areas of human knowledge, and is continually updated to reflect the evolution of the language.
The 2103rd Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
Twelve Who Ruled by R. R. Palmer
The Year of the Terror in the French Revolution
The book provides an in-depth analysis of the French Revolutionary government during the Reign of Terror, focusing on the Committee of Public Safety. Comprising twelve members, this committee was tasked with protecting the newly established republic from internal and external threats. The narrative delves into the complex dynamics and ideologies of these leaders, examining their roles in the radical policies implemented during this tumultuous period. Through detailed portraits of each member, the book explores the interplay of political ideals, personal motivations, and the extreme measures taken in the name of security and governance, offering a profound insight into one of the most controversial and influential periods in French history.
The 15786th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
Grizzly Years by Doug Peacock
In Search of the American Wilderness
"Grizzly Years" is a memoir of a Vietnam War veteran who finds solace in the wilderness of the American West, specifically in observing grizzly bears. The book chronicles his years of tracking these majestic creatures across the Rockies and Yellowstone, and his efforts to protect them from human threats. The narrative intertwines the author's personal journey of healing from war trauma with his passionate advocacy for grizzly bear conservation.
The 14901st Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
A Field Guide to the Birds by Roger Tory Peterson
A Completely New Guide to All the Birds of Eastern and Central North America
This book is a comprehensive guide to bird species, providing detailed information about various types of birds, their habitats, behaviors, and physical characteristics. It includes illustrations and descriptions to help readers identify different bird species, making it a valuable resource for birdwatchers, ornithologists, and nature enthusiasts. The guide also offers tips on birdwatching and advice on how to attract different bird species to your backyard.
The 2243rd Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
My Silent War by Kim Philby
The Autobiography of a Spy
"My Silent War" is a gripping autobiographical account by a high-ranking British intelligence officer who was simultaneously working as a Soviet spy. The book details his clandestine operations, the methods he used to evade detection, and his ideological motivations for betraying his country. It provides an insider's perspective on some of the most significant Cold War espionage activities, revealing the complexities and moral ambiguities of his double life. The narrative not only explores the personal and political conflicts he faced but also sheds light on the broader implications of his actions on international relations during a tense period in history.
The 17008th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
The Great Transformation by Karl Polanyi
The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time
The book in question is a seminal work in economic and social history that examines the development and impact of the modern market economy on global societies. It argues that the rise of market capitalism in the 19th century fundamentally transformed social structures and human relationships, with the commodification of land, labor, and money turning them into tradable goods. This transformation led to social dislocation and crises, prompting a counter-movement for social protection and the rise of the welfare state. The author challenges the idea that the market economy is a natural and inevitable form of social organization, instead presenting it as a constructed system with profound effects on the fabric of society.
The 3422nd Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
The ABC of Reading by Ezra Pound
"The ABC of Reading" is a guide that explores the art of reading literature. The author dissects the process of reading and understanding literature, highlighting the importance of understanding the historical context, the author's background, and the cultural influences that shape a piece of work. The book also encourages readers to appreciate the aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language, and emphasizes the significance of active and critical reading. It is an essential read for anyone seeking a deeper understanding of literature and the process of reading.
The 2642nd Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
Threatening Anthropology by David H. Price
McCarthyism and the FBI’s Surveillance of Activist Anthropologists
"Threatening Anthropology" delves into the chilling impact of McCarthy-era surveillance and repression on the field of anthropology in the United States during the mid-20th century. The book meticulously examines how government scrutiny and accusations of subversion or communist sympathies led to career disruptions, personal betrayals, and significant shifts in the research and methodologies of anthropologists. Drawing on extensive FBI documents, the narrative reveals the broader consequences of political fear on academic freedom and intellectual discourse, highlighting the struggles of targeted scholars and the chilling effect on their work and lives.
The 17008th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
Architectural Graphic Standards by Charles Ramsey, Harold Sleeper
The American Institute of Architects
"Architectural Graphic Standards" is a comprehensive reference book aimed at architects and professionals in the construction industry, providing a wide array of architectural details, guidelines, and standards. It serves as an essential guide for the design and execution of both residential and commercial construction projects. The book includes detailed drawings, charts, and tables that cover various aspects of architectural design and construction techniques, ensuring that industry professionals have access to the latest standards and best practices for effective and efficient project execution.
The 15786th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
A Life of Picasso by John Richardson
The Prodigy, 1881-1906
This biography delves into the life of one of the most influential artists of the 20th century, Picasso. The book provides an in-depth look into his early life, his relationships, his artistic evolution, and his influence on the art world. It offers a comprehensive exploration of Picasso's personal and professional life, shedding light on his genius and the complexities of his character. The author's detailed research and intimate knowledge of the artist's life make this book a definitive biography of Picasso.
The 4708th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
Autobiography by Bertrand Russell
The Autobiography of Bertrand Russell
The book is a reflective recount of the life of a prominent philosopher and mathematician, chronicling his experiences from childhood, through his academic career, to his relentless advocacy for peace and rational thought. The autobiography delves into his philosophical insights, personal relationships, and the profound influence of various historical events on his work and beliefs. It provides an intimate look at his struggles, achievements, and the intellectual and moral principles that guided his contributions to philosophy, logic, and the broader social issues of his time.
The 16650th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
Orientalism by Edward W. Said
Western Conceptions of the Orient
This book is a critical examination of Western attitudes towards the East, particularly the Middle East, and how these attitudes have shaped and continue to shape Western policies and perceptions. The author argues that the West has a long history of viewing the East as the "other," exotic and inferior, and that this view has been institutionalized through academic disciplines, literature, and media. This "Orientalism," as the author calls it, has served to justify colonialism and imperialism, and continues to influence Western attitudes and policies towards the East today.
The 1687th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
The Class Struggle In The Ancient Greek World by G. E. M. de Ste. Croix
From the Archaic Age to the Arab Conquests
"The Class Struggle in the Ancient Greek World" is a comprehensive historical analysis that explores the dynamics of class conflict from the earliest times in ancient Greece up to the Roman Empire. The book delves into how social and economic factors shaped class relations and examines the extent to which class struggle influenced political developments and historical outcomes in the ancient world. Through meticulous examination of sources and evidence, the work challenges traditional views of ancient society by highlighting the significance of class divisions and conflicts as central elements in the historical progression of the Greek and Roman periods.
The 8012th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
A Month And A Day by Ken Saro-Wiwa
A Detention Diary
"A Month and a Day" is a poignant memoir that recounts the personal and political struggles of an environmental and human rights activist in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. The author details his non-violent fight against the ecological destruction and economic exploitation wrought by multinational oil companies and the Nigerian government. His narrative provides an intimate glimpse into his dedicated activism, the resulting political imprisonment, and the broader socio-political issues facing his community. Through his eyes, readers gain insight into the complex interplay between environmental degradation, ethnic and economic tensions, and the relentless pursuit of justice and sustainability.
The 17008th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
Death Without Weeping by Nancy Scheper-Hughes
The Violence of Everyday Life in Brazil
"Death Without Weeping" is an anthropological study that delves into the lives of impoverished families in Northeast Brazil, particularly focusing on how extreme economic and social deprivation has led to a numbing acceptance of infant mortality. The book explores the complex interplay between societal structures, health, and local cultural attitudes towards death and motherhood. Through detailed fieldwork, the author reveals how scarcity of resources and the harsh realities of daily survival necessitate a pragmatic approach to grief and maternal attachment, challenging conventional Western perceptions of motherhood and human responses to death.
The 14901st Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
The Gothic Politics Of The Deep South by Robert Sherrill
Stars Fell on Alabama
"The Gothic Politics of the Deep South" explores the intricate and often shadowy political landscape of the American South, delving into its unique blend of history, culture, and power dynamics. The book examines how the region's gothic elements—its haunting past, racial tensions, and enduring myths—shape its political narratives and influence. Through a detailed analysis, the text reveals how Southern politics operates within a framework of old loyalties and modern challenges, offering insights into the broader implications for America's political identity and cultural fabric.
The 17008th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
The Shame Of The Cities by Lincoln Steffens
An Exploration of Corruption in American Municipal Government
"The Shame of the Cities" is a collection of articles that exposes the corrupt political machines controlling American cities in the early 20th century. The book details the author's investigations into municipal corruption in several major U.S. cities, including St. Louis, Minneapolis, and Philadelphia. Through vivid descriptions and meticulous reporting, the author reveals how political graft and business interests have compromised the effectiveness and fairness of local governments, highlighting the deep-seated issues of urban politics and the urgent need for reforms to restore civic integrity and public trust.
The 15786th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
The Family, Sex and Marriage in England 1500-1800 by Lawrence Stone
This scholarly work provides an in-depth analysis of the transformation of family life, sexual mores, and marital structures in England from the 16th to the 18th century. It examines the shift from the medieval extended family to the closed domesticated nuclear family, exploring how economic, social, legal, and cultural changes influenced personal relationships and societal norms. The book delves into the roles of love, sex, and marriage during this period, revealing how the evolution of these concepts was intertwined with broader historical developments such as the Protestant Reformation, the rise of individualism, and the changing economic landscape. Through meticulous research, the text presents a comprehensive view of how private life was redefined over three centuries, reflecting the complex interplay between tradition and change in early modern England.
The 5378th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
The Myth Of Mental Illness by Thomas Szasz
Foundations of a Theory of Personal Conduct
The book challenges the traditional views of psychiatry and argues that mental illness is a myth propagated by societal norms and psychiatric interventions. It posits that what are often classified as mental health disorders are instead problems in living, and that labeling such problems as illnesses allows for psychiatric professionals to exert undue influence over individuals under the guise of treatment. The author critiques the moral and scientific foundations of psychiatry, advocating for a more honest relationship between patient and therapist, and a reevaluation of the rights and autonomy of individuals experiencing mental distress.
The 15786th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
The History of the Standard Oil Company by Ida Tarbell
Bribery and Corruption
This book provides an in-depth investigation into the rise of the Standard Oil Company, revealing its unethical and monopolistic business practices. It chronicles the company's growth from a small oil refinery into a dominant force in the American economy, led by a cunning and ruthless businessman. The narrative exposes the company's tactics of crushing competition, exploiting workers, and manipulating prices, which eventually led to public outcry and legal action. This groundbreaking work contributed significantly to the breakup of Standard Oil and the establishment of anti-trust laws in the United States.
The 4163rd Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
Religion And The Decline Of Magic by Keith Thomas
Studies in Popular Beliefs in Sixteenth and Seventeenth Century England
This scholarly work provides a comprehensive examination of the interplay between magic, religion, and science in sixteenth and seventeenth-century England. It explores how the Protestant Reformation and the rise of scientific thinking led to a decline in the practice of magic. The book delves into the ways people sought to understand and control their world before the widespread acceptance of the scientific method, analyzing why individuals turned to magic and how the Church and state responded. It also considers the transition from a society where magical beliefs were mainstream to one where they were increasingly marginalized and ridiculed, offering a detailed account of this significant cultural shift.
The 5415th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
Sister Of The Road by Bertha Thompson
The Autobiography of Boxcar Bertha
"Sister of the Road" is an autobiographical account of a woman's life as a hobo during the early 20th century in the United States. The narrative follows the protagonist's adventures and misadventures as she navigates the male-dominated world of riding freight trains and living on the margins of society. Through her journey, she explores various subcultures, encounters diverse people, and confronts issues of freedom, inequality, and personal identity. Her story provides a unique perspective on the American hobo experience, shedding light on the challenges and liberations found within a transient lifestyle.
The 15786th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
The Making of the English Working Class by E. P. Thompson
This book is a comprehensive historical analysis of the formation of the English working class from the late 18th century to the mid-19th century. The author meticulously examines various aspects of society including the Industrial Revolution, the rise of Methodism, and political movements, arguing that the working class was not a byproduct of economic factors alone, but was actively self-formed through struggles over issues like workers' rights and political representation. The book is widely regarded as a seminal text in social history due to its focus on the experiences and agency of ordinary people.
The 1662nd Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas by Hunter S. Thompson
A Savage Journey to the Heart of the American Dream
This book is a semi-autobiographical novel that chronicles the adventures of a journalist and his attorney as they embark on a drug-fueled trip to Las Vegas. The narrative is a wild and hallucinatory exploration of the American Dream, filled with biting social commentary and outrageous antics. The protagonist's quest for the American Dream quickly devolves into an exploration of the darker side of human nature, highlighting the excesses and depravities of 1960s American society.
The 681st Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
A Biographical Dictionary Of Film by David Thomson
"A Biographical Dictionary of Film" is a comprehensive reference book that offers detailed profiles and critical assessments of actors, directors, and other significant figures in the film industry. The work combines factual information with the author's personal and often provocative views, providing both biographical sketches and broader commentary on the cinematic contributions of each subject. The entries not only highlight career milestones and notable films but also delve into the artistic and personal nuances that define the individuals, making it a valuable resource for both film scholars and enthusiasts seeking in-depth insight into the world of cinema.
The 3408th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
The Phoenix Program by Douglas Valentine
America's Use of Terror in Vietnam
"The Phoenix Program" explores a controversial CIA-led campaign during the Vietnam War aimed at destabilizing the Viet Cong through infiltration, capture, and assassination. The book delves into the secretive aspects of the program, revealing the extent of U.S. intelligence operations in Vietnam. It discusses the methods used, such as torture and propaganda, and evaluates the program's effectiveness and moral implications. Drawing on extensive interviews and government documents, the narrative presents a critical examination of American counterinsurgency practices and their profound effects on both the Vietnamese population and American military policies.
The 17008th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
The Art Of Shakespeare’s Sonnets by Helen Vendler
An Analysis of the Poetic Craft and Themes
This book provides an in-depth analysis of William Shakespeare's sonnets, offering a detailed commentary on each of the 154 poems. The author, a renowned literary critic, breaks down the complex structure, themes, and linguistic nuances of the sonnets, enhancing the reader's understanding and appreciation of Shakespeare's work. Through a close examination of the poet's techniques, wordplay, and thematic intricacies, the book reveals the artistic mastery and emotional depth of the sonnets, making it an essential guide for both scholars and enthusiasts of Shakespeare's poetry.
The 17008th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
Soma by Gordon Wasson
Divine Mushroom of Immortality
"Soma" explores the intriguing hypothesis that the mysterious ritual drink called 'soma,' referenced in ancient Indian Vedic texts, was derived from a psychoactive mushroom. The book delves into linguistic, cultural, and ethnobotanical studies to support this theory, suggesting that the Amanita muscaria mushroom is the most likely candidate for the original soma. Through a detailed examination of the Rigveda, the author argues that soma played a central role in early Indo-Iranian religions, influencing spiritual practices and experiences. The work combines historical analysis with the study of religious rituals to shed light on how psychoactive substances have shaped human culture and spirituality.
The 17008th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
To the Finland Station by Edmund Wilson
A Study in the Writing and Acting of History
This book is a historical narrative that explores the evolution of revolutionary thought, from the French Revolution through Karl Marx's theories to the Russian Revolution. It focuses on the lives and ideas of key figures in radical political thought, including Marx, Engels, Lenin, and Trotsky. The book culminates in the pivotal moment when Lenin arrives at the Finland Station in Petrograd in 1917, marking the start of the Bolshevik Revolution.
The 1871st Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon -
Black Sun by Geoffrey Wolff
The Brief Transit and Violent Eclipse of Harry Crosby
"Black Sun" is a biographical account of the adventurous and tumultuous life of Harry Crosby, an American expatriate, poet, publisher, and bon vivant who epitomized the excesses and rapid disillusionments of the Lost Generation in post-World War I Paris. The narrative delves into Crosby's privileged background, his service in World War I, his scandalous life in Paris where he founded the Black Sun Press, which published works of key modernist figures, and his intense relationship with his wife Caresse. The book captures the spirit of the era and the darker undercurrents that led to Crosby's tragic and mysterious suicide pact with his lover in 1929, providing a vivid portrait of a man who sought to live without limits.
The 17008th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
Rivers Of Empire by Donald Worster
Water, Aridity, and the Growth of the American West
"Rivers of Empire" explores the profound impact of water management and hydraulic engineering on the development of the American West. The book argues that controlling water through dams, canals, and irrigation has been central to the United States' economic growth and has shaped political power structures in the region. It delves into the transformation of arid landscapes into agriculturally productive areas, but also critiques the environmental and social costs of manipulating natural water systems. The narrative connects these water control projects to broader themes of empire and domination, suggesting that the manipulation of water resources reflects a form of control not only over nature but also over people and resources.
The 17008th Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Amazon -
The Art of Memory by Frances A. Yates
"The Art of Memory" is a historical exploration of the ancient art of memory, and its influence on Western culture. The book delves into the memory training techniques used by ancient Greeks and Romans, and traces their evolution and application through the Middle Ages and Renaissance. The author also explores how these techniques influenced the development of philosophy, science, education, and religion throughout history.
The 2802nd Greatest Book of All TimePurchase from Bookshop.org or Amazon
Counterpunch, 135 Books
In response to the proliferation of "best of the century" lists from major publications at the turn of the millennium, Jeffrey St. Clair and his colleague Alex decided to compile their own lists of the best books written and later translated into English during the 20th century. Their selections, aimed at the CounterPunch audience, diverged from mainstream choices, focusing instead on works that resonated deeply with their unique reader base. These lists became highly popular on the CounterPunch website, attracting over two million unique visitors and influencing librarians to reconsider the collections they maintained. However, a technical mishap during a website upgrade resulted in the loss of these carefully curated lists, likened humorously by Alex to the burning of the Library of Alexandria. Despite initial disheartenment, renewed interest and requests from the community prompted St. Clair to revisit and update these lists, reintroducing them with both cherished and new selections of non-fiction literature from the 20th century.
This list was originally published in 2014 and was added to this site about 2 years ago.
This list has a weight of 1%. To learn more about what this means please visit the Rankings page.
Here is a list of what is decreasing the importance of this list:
- Voters: Voter Count
- List: only covers 1 specific language
- List: only covers mostly "Western Canon" books
- List: only covers 100 years
If you think this is incorrect please contact us.
- Number of Voters:
- 2
- Voter Count Unknown:
- No
- Voter Names Unknown:
- No
- High Quality Source:
- No
- Location Specific:
- No
- Category Specific:
- No