Le Monde's 100 Books of the Century

This is one of the 759 lists we use to generate our main The Greatest Books list.

About this list

Le Monde, 100 Books

The 100 Books of the Century (French: Les cent livres du siècle) is a list of the one hundred best books of the 20th century, according to a poll conducted in the spring of 1999 by the French retailer Fnac and the Paris newspaper Le Monde.

Starting from a preliminary list of 200 titles created by bookshops and journalists, 17,000 French voted by responding to the question, "Which books have stayed in your memory?" (« Quels livres sont restés dans votre mémoire ? »).

The list of acclaimed titles mixes great novels with poetry and theatre, as well as the comic strip. The first fifty works on the list were the subject of an essay by Frédéric Beigbeder, The Last Inventory Before Liquidation, in which he notably drew attention to its French-centred character.

This list was originally published in 1999 and was added to this site about 12 years ago.

View: List Grid Table
Rank Book Authors Year Country Language Actions
23 The Stranger Albert Camus 1942 French French
2 In Search of Lost Time Marcel Proust 1913 French French
21 The Trial Franz Kafka 1925 Czech German
44 The Little Prince Antoine de Saint-Exupéry 1943 French French
172 Man's Fate Andre Malraux 1933 French French
48 Journey to the End of The Night Louis-Ferdinand Céline 1932 French French
26 The Grapes of Wrath John Steinbeck 1939 American English
97 For Whom the Bell Tolls Ernest Hemingway 1940 American English
302 The Lost Estate Henri Alain-Fournier 1913 French French
496 Froth on the daydream Boris Vian 1947 French French
140 The Second Sex Simone de Beauvoir 1949 French French
101 Waiting for Godot Samuel Beckett 1953 Irish French
638 Being and Nothingness Jean Paul Sartre 1943 French French
114 The Name of the Rose Umberto Eco 1980 Italian Italian
206 The Gulag Archipelago Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn 1973 Russian Russian
964 Paroles Jacques Prévert 1946 French French
478 Alcools Guillaume Apollinaire 1913 French French
3610 The Blue Lotus Hergé 1936 Belgian French
113 The Diary of a Young Girl Anne Frank 1947 Dutch Dutch
486 Tristes Tropiques Claude Lévi-Strauss 1955 French French
50 Brave New World Aldous Huxley 1932 British English
6 Nineteen Eighty Four George Orwell 1949 British English
1682 Asterix the Gaul Rene Goscinny 1959 French French
2246 The Bald Soprano Eugène Ionesco 1950 French French
2264 Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality Sigmund Freud 1905 Austrian German
2508 The Abyss Marguerite Yourcenar 1968 French French
14 Lolita Vladimir Nabokov 1955 American English
1 Ulysses James Joyce 1922 Irish English
263 The Tartar Steppe Dino Buzzati 1940 Italian Italian
213 The Counterfeiters André Gide 1925 French French
2875 The Horseman on the Roof Jean Giono 1951 French French
504 Her Lover Albert Cohen 1968 Swiss French
5 One Hundred Years of Solitude Gabriel García Márquez 1967 Colombian Spanish
9 The Sound and the Fury William Faulkner 1929 American English
729 Thérèse Desqueyroux François Mauriac 1927 French French
538 Zazie in the Metro Raymond Queneau 1959 French French
3323 Confusion Stefan Zweig 1927 Austrian German
58 Gone With the Wind Margaret Mitchell 1936 American English
196 Lady Chatterley's Lover D. H. Lawrence 1928 British English
25 The Magic Mountain Thomas Mann 1924 German German
186 Bonjour Tristesse Francoise Sagan 1954 French French
1401 Silence of the Sea Vercors 1942 French French
276 Life, a User's Manual Georges Perec 1978 French French
164 The Hound of the Baskervilles Arthur Conan Doyle 1902 British English
1314 Under Satan's Sun Georges Bernanos 1926 French French
3 The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald 1925 American English
1722 The Joke Milan Kundera 1967 Czech Czech
1044 A Ghost at Noon Alberto Moravia 1954 Italian Italian
251 The Murder of Roger Ackroyd Agatha Christie 1926 British English
394 Nadja André Breton 1928 French French
1471 Aurélien Louis Aragon 1944 French French
3449 The Satin Slipper Paul Claudel 1929 French French
1386 Six Characters in Search of an Author Luigi Pirandello 1921 Italian Italian
2631 The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui Bertolt Brecht 1941 German German
2986 Friday Michel Tournier 1967 French French
372 War of the Worlds H. G. Wells 1898 British English
126 If This Is a Man Primo Levi 1947 Italian Italian
17 The Lord Of The Rings J. R. R. Tolkien 1959 English English
5680 The Tendrils of the Vine Colette 1908 French Unknown
1934 Capital of Pain Paul Éluard 1926 French French
935 Martin Eden Jack London 1909 American English
5456 Ballad of the Salt Sea Hugo Pratt 1967 Italian Italian
5993 Writing Degree Zero Roland Barthes 1953 French French
920 The Lost Honour of Katharina Blum Heinrich Böll 1974 German German
609 The Opposing Shore Julien Gracq 1951 French French
1855 The Order of Things Michel Foucault 1966 French French
41 On the Road Jack Kerouac 1957 American English
1250 The Wonderful Adventures of Nils Selma Lagerlöf 1906 Swedish Swedish
173 A Room of One's Own Virginia Woolf 1929 British English
1453 The Martian Chronicles Ray Bradbury 1950 American English
895 The Ravishing of Lol Stein Marguerite Duras 1964 French French
2140 The Interrogation J. M. G. Le Clezio 1963 French French
1922 Tropisms Nathalie Sarraute 1939 French French
1891 The Journal of Jules Renard Jules Renard 1887 French French
137 Lord Jim Joseph Conrad 1900 British English
6811 Écrits Jacques Lacan 1966 French French
3309 The Theater and Its Double Antonin Artaud 1938 French French
651 Manhattan Transfer John Dos Passos 1925 American English
45 Fictions Jorge Luis Borges 1944 Argentinian Spanish
955 Moravagine Blaise Cendrars 1926 Swiss French
1258 The General of the Dead Army Ismail Kadare 1963 Albanian Albanian
803 Sophie's Choice William Styron 1979 American English
447 Gypsy Ballads Federico García Lorca 1928 Spanish Spanish
1511 The Strange Case of Peter the Lett Georges Simenon 1931 Belgian French
929 Our Lady of the Flowers Jean Genet 1943 French French
82 The Man Without Qualities Robert Musil 1930 Austrian German
1979 Furor and Mystery René Char 1948 French French
4 The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger 1951 American English
1639 No Orchids for Miss Blandish James Hadley Chase 1939 British English
5722 Blake and Mortimer Edgar P. Jacobs 1946 Belgian French
398 The Notebooks of Malte Laurids Brigge Rainer Maria Rilke 1910 German German
836 Second Thoughts Michel Butor 1957 French French
440 The Origins of Totalitarianism Hannah Arendt 1951 German English
34 The Master and Margarita Mikhail Bulgakov 1967 Russian Russian
5723 The Rosy Crucifixion Henry Miller 1949 American English
120 The Big Sleep Raymond Chandler 1939 American English
6291 Amers Saint-John Perse 1957 French French
6292 Gaston André Franquin 1957 French French
63 Under the Volcano Malcolm Lowry 1947 British English
64 Midnight's Children Salman Rushdie 1981 Indian English