Le Monde's 100 Books of the Century

This is one of the 743 lists we use to generate our main The Greatest Books list.

About this list

Le Monde, 100 Books

The 100 Books of the Century (French: Les cent livres du siècle) is a list of the one hundred best books of the 20th century, according to a poll conducted in the spring of 1999 by the French retailer Fnac and the Paris newspaper Le Monde.

Starting from a preliminary list of 200 titles created by bookshops and journalists, 17,000 French voted by responding to the question, "Which books have stayed in your memory?" (« Quels livres sont restés dans votre mémoire ? »).

The list of acclaimed titles mixes great novels with poetry and theatre, as well as the comic strip. The first fifty works on the list were the subject of an essay by Frédéric Beigbeder, The Last Inventory Before Liquidation, in which he notably drew attention to its French-centred character.

This list was originally published in 1999 and was added to this site almost 12 years ago.

View: List Grid Table
Rank Book Authors Year Country Language Actions
23 The Stranger Albert Camus 1942 French French
2 In Search of Lost Time Marcel Proust 1913 French French
20 The Trial Franz Kafka 1925 Czech German
44 The Little Prince Antoine de Saint-Exupéry 1943 French French
172 Man's Fate Andre Malraux 1933 French French
48 Journey to the End of The Night Louis-Ferdinand Céline 1932 French French
26 The Grapes of Wrath John Steinbeck 1939 American English
97 For Whom the Bell Tolls Ernest Hemingway 1940 American English
299 The Lost Estate Henri Alain-Fournier 1913 French French
496 Froth on the daydream Boris Vian 1947 French French
140 The Second Sex Simone de Beauvoir 1949 French French
99 Waiting for Godot Samuel Beckett 1953 Irish French
636 Being and Nothingness Jean Paul Sartre 1943 French French
114 The Name of the Rose Umberto Eco 1980 Italian Italian
206 The Gulag Archipelago Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn 1973 Russian Russian
964 Paroles Jacques Prévert 1946 French French
478 Alcools Guillaume Apollinaire 1913 French French
3605 The Blue Lotus Hergé 1936 Belgian French
113 The Diary of a Young Girl Anne Frank 1947 Dutch Dutch
485 Tristes Tropiques Claude Lévi-Strauss 1955 French French
51 Brave New World Aldous Huxley 1932 British English
6 Nineteen Eighty Four George Orwell 1949 British English
1680 Asterix the Gaul Rene Goscinny 1959 French French
2236 The Bald Soprano Eugène Ionesco 1950 French French
2255 Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality Sigmund Freud 1905 Austrian German
2503 The Abyss Marguerite Yourcenar 1968 French French
14 Lolita Vladimir Nabokov 1955 American English
1 Ulysses James Joyce 1922 Irish English
262 The Tartar Steppe Dino Buzzati 1940 Italian Italian
212 The Counterfeiters André Gide 1925 French French
2869 The Horseman on the Roof Jean Giono 1951 French French
504 Her Lover Albert Cohen 1968 Swiss French
5 One Hundred Years of Solitude Gabriel García Márquez 1967 Colombian Spanish
9 The Sound and the Fury William Faulkner 1929 American English
727 Thérèse Desqueyroux François Mauriac 1927 French French
538 Zazie in the Metro Raymond Queneau 1959 French French
3317 Confusion Stefan Zweig 1927 Austrian German
58 Gone With the Wind Margaret Mitchell 1936 American English
197 Lady Chatterley's Lover D. H. Lawrence 1928 British English
25 The Magic Mountain Thomas Mann 1924 German German
186 Bonjour Tristesse Francoise Sagan 1954 French French
1400 Silence of the Sea Vercors 1942 French French
274 Life, a User's Manual Georges Perec 1978 French French
163 The Hound of the Baskervilles Arthur Conan Doyle 1902 British English
1313 Under Satan's Sun Georges Bernanos 1926 French French
3 The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald 1925 American English
1721 The Joke Milan Kundera 1967 Czech Czech
1041 A Ghost at Noon Alberto Moravia 1954 Italian Italian
251 The Murder of Roger Ackroyd Agatha Christie 1926 British English
394 Nadja André Breton 1928 French French
1470 Aurélien Louis Aragon 1944 French French
3444 The Satin Slipper Paul Claudel 1929 French French
1385 Six Characters in Search of an Author Luigi Pirandello 1921 Italian Italian
2627 The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui Bertolt Brecht 1941 German German
2979 Friday Michel Tournier 1967 French French
375 War of the Worlds H. G. Wells 1898 British English
125 If This Is a Man Primo Levi 1947 Italian Italian
17 The Lord Of The Rings J. R. R. Tolkien 1959 English English
5671 The Tendrils of the Vine Colette 1908 French Unknown
1931 Capital of Pain Paul Éluard 1926 French French
934 Martin Eden Jack London 1909 American English
5447 Ballad of the Salt Sea Hugo Pratt 1967 Italian Italian
5982 Writing Degree Zero Roland Barthes 1953 French French
919 The Lost Honour of Katharina Blum Heinrich Böll 1974 German German
609 The Opposing Shore Julien Gracq 1951 French French
1854 The Order of Things Michel Foucault 1966 French French
42 On the Road Jack Kerouac 1957 American English
1248 The Wonderful Adventures of Nils Selma Lagerlöf 1906 Swedish Swedish
173 A Room of One's Own Virginia Woolf 1929 British English
1453 The Martian Chronicles Ray Bradbury 1950 American English
893 The Ravishing of Lol Stein Marguerite Duras 1964 French French
2129 The Interrogation J. M. G. Le Clezio 1963 French French
1920 Tropisms Nathalie Sarraute 1939 French French
1890 The Journal of Jules Renard Jules Renard 1887 French French
136 Lord Jim Joseph Conrad 1900 British English
6800 Écrits Jacques Lacan 1966 French French
3303 The Theater and Its Double Antonin Artaud 1938 French French
646 Manhattan Transfer John Dos Passos 1925 American English
45 Fictions Jorge Luis Borges 1944 Argentinian Spanish
955 Moravagine Blaise Cendrars 1926 Swiss French
1257 The General of the Dead Army Ismail Kadare 1963 Albanian Albanian
802 Sophie's Choice William Styron 1979 American English
445 Gypsy Ballads Federico García Lorca 1928 Spanish Spanish
1510 The Strange Case of Peter the Lett Georges Simenon 1931 Belgian French
927 Our Lady of the Flowers Jean Genet 1943 French French
82 The Man Without Qualities Robert Musil 1930 Austrian German
1974 Furor and Mystery René Char 1948 French French
4 The Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger 1951 American English
1637 No Orchids for Miss Blandish James Hadley Chase 1939 British English
5711 Blake and Mortimer Edgar P. Jacobs 1946 Belgian French
396 The Notebooks of Malte Laurids Brigge Rainer Maria Rilke 1910 German German
836 Second Thoughts Michel Butor 1957 French French
438 The Origins of Totalitarianism Hannah Arendt 1951 German English
34 The Master and Margarita Mikhail Bulgakov 1967 Russian Russian
5712 The Rosy Crucifixion Henry Miller 1949 American English
120 The Big Sleep Raymond Chandler 1939 American English
6280 Amers Saint-John Perse 1957 French French
6281 Gaston André Franquin 1957 French French
62 Under the Volcano Malcolm Lowry 1947 British English
64 Midnight's Children Salman Rushdie 1981 Indian English